大学MOOC 学术英语-管理（高春梅李先玉魏静章瑜闻亚云）(浙江工商大学)1449573161 最新慕课完整章节测试答案
Unit1StudyingBusiness
2---listeningpractice---题目
1、填空题：
4 business valuesComplete the notes below, write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.Many business values can result in 31._________.
答案: 【 damage】
2、填空题：
Senior managers need to understand and deal with the potential 32. ___________that may result.
答案: 【 side effects】
3、填空题：
CollaborationDuring a training course, the speaker was in a team that had to build a 33. ________.
答案: 【 bridge】
4、填空题：
Other teams experienced 34. __________ from trying to collaborate.The speaker's team won because they reduced collaboration.
答案: 【 confusion】
5、填空题：
Sales of a 35. __________were poor because of collaboration.
答案: 【 smartphone】
6、填空题：
IndustriousnessHard work may be a bad use of various company 36._________.
答案: 【 resources】
7、填空题：
The word 'lazy' in this context refers to people who aviod doing tasks that are 37. __________.
答案: 【 unnecessary##%_YZPRLFH_%##not necessary】
8、填空题：
CreativityAn advertising campaign for a 38._________ was memorable but failed to boost sales.
答案: 【 chocolate bar】
9、填空题：
Creativity should be used as a reponse to a particular 39. __________.
答案: 【 problem】
10、填空题：
Excellence According to one study, on average, pioneers had a 40. ___________ that was far higher than that of followers.Companies that always aim at excellence may miss opportunities.
答案: 【 market share】
unit1pretest1
1、单选题：
We are certainly in a tight corner, but with ________ we shall manage to get out of it.
选项：
A: preference
B: prevalence
C: perseverance
D: permanence
答案: 【 perseverance】
2、单选题：
That argument is correct, but more ________ to investment bankers than to depositors or taxpayers.
选项：
A: compiling
B: compelling
C: compromising
D: compressing
答案: 【 compelling】
3、单选题：
What little pain and ________ I've experienced so far is simply nothing compared to what he's been through.
选项：
A: diversity
B: majority
C: adversity
D: minority
答案: 【 adversity】
4、单选题：
This happens when you overestimate the benefits or ________ the costs.
选项：
A: undermine
B: underestimate
C: understand
D: undertake
答案: 【 underestimate】
5、单选题：
Mrs. Glick drove her own car and the girls went in Nancy's ________.
选项：
A: converse
B: convertible
C: conservation
D: convention
答案: 【 convertible】
6、单选题：
Starting as a street ________, he is now general manager of a trading corporation in Beijing.
选项：
A: vendor
B: vandalism
C: venue
D: vanity
答案: 【 vendor】
7、单选题：
Selfishness was a ________ of his character that we seldom saw before.
选项：
A: faculty
B: face
C: facility
D: facet
答案: 【 facet】
8、单选题：
At present, ________ of higher education, especially non-government funded higher Education, has become the bottleneck restraining the development of China's higher education.
选项：
A: under-capitalization
B: under-lying
C: over -capitalization
D: over-whelming
答案: 【 under-capitalization】
9、单选题：
In particular, the researchers found that black children ________ less soda than white or Hispanic children, but that their level of sports drink consumption was “significantly higher”.
选项：
A: resumed
B: consumed
C: presumed
D: assumed
答案: 【 consumed】
10、单选题：
We live in a ________ society in which everyone’s trying to sell us something.
选项：
A: capitalistic
B: capital
C: capitalized
D: capitalism
答案: 【 capitalistic】
Unit1pretest2
1、单选题：
The novel is particularly ________ and incisive on the subject of female friendship, on what draws girls and women together and then drives them apart.
选项：
A: frustrating
B: illuminating
C: illustrating
D: illuminant
答案: 【 illuminating】
2、单选题：
We all know that most wine in restaurants is over-priced: a ________ of 200 percent on cost is considered normal.
选项：
A: makeup
B: backup
C: markup
D: standup
答案: 【 markup】
3、单选题：
CPR can ________ survival rates, but some people are reluctant to do it in part because they are unsure about the proper rhythm for chest compressions.
选项：
A: triplet
B: tribe
C: triple
D: trial
答案: 【 triple】
4、单选题：
In early 2010, the company was ________, then it embarked on its aggressive expansion to stay ahead of competitors.
选项：
A: previous
B: preferable
C: proficient
D: profitable
答案: 【 profitable】
5、单选题：
However, since demand is actually quite ________ to price in the short run, it takes a very large price rise to bring global demand into line with supply.
选项：
A: sensitive
B: insensitive
C: sensible
D: insensible
答案: 【 insensitive】
6、单选题：
The secretary told me no man would ________ her boss.
选项：
A: hasten
B: hazard
C: hassle
D: hatred
答案: 【 hassle】
7、单选题：
They also get ________ and impatient with the timidity of the men who take an age to summon the nerve to ask them out.
选项：
A: irritated
B: medicated
C: appreciated
D: associated
答案: 【 irritated】
8、单选题：
In one study, more than half the people who meditated two and a half hours a week for eight weeks reported a ________ 54% reduction in stress.
选项：
A: mapping
B: whopping
C: hopping
D: wiping
答案: 【 whopping】
9、单选题：
ACDS works like a fire-insurance policy: the holder pays a regular ________, but if the house burns down there is a big payoff.
选项：
A: premise
B: preciseness
C: precision
D: premium
答案: 【 premium】
10、单选题：
Online security will evolve as hackers and security experts work continuously to ________ each other.
选项：
A: outstand
B: outgrow
C: outlet
D: outwit
答案: 【 outwit】
UnitQuiz
1、单选题：
Part I Reading Comprehension Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage. Some futurologists have assumed that the vast upsurge (剧增) of women in the workforce may portend a rejection of marriage. Many women, according to this hypothesis, would rather work than marry. The converse (反面) of this concern is that the prospects of becoming a multi-paycheck household could encourage marriages. In the past, only the earnings and financial prospects of the man counted in the marriage decision. Now, however, the earning ability of a woman can make her more attractive as a marriage partner. Data show that economic downturns tend to postpone marriage because the parties cannot afford to establish a family or are concerned about rainy days ahead. As the economy rebounds, the number of marriages also rises.Coincident with the increase in women working outside the home is the increase in divorce rates. Yet, it may be wrong to jump to any simple cause-and-effect conclusions. The impact of a wife’s work on divorce is no less cloudy than its impact on marriage decisions. The realization that she can be a good provider may increase the chances that a working wife will choose divorce over an unsatisfactory marriage. But the reverse is equally plausible. Tensions grounded in financial problems often play a key role in ending a marriage. Given high unemployment, inflationary problems, and slow growth in real earnings, a working wife can increase household income and relieve some of these pressing financial burdens. By raising a family’s standard of living, a working wife may strengthen her family’s financial and emotional stability.Psychological factors also should be considered. For example, a wife blocked from a career outside the home may feel caged in the house. She may view her only choice as seeking a divorce.On the other hand, if she can find fulfillment through work outside the home, work and marriage can go together to create a stronger and more stable union.Also, a major part of women’s inequality in marriage has been due to the fact that, in most cases, men have remained the main breadwinners. With higher earning capacity and status occupations outside of the home comes the capacity to exercise power within the family. A working wife may rob a husband of being the master of the house. Depending upon how the couple reacts to these new conditions, it could create a stronger equal partnership or it could create new insecurities.1. The word “portend” is closest in meaning to “________”.
选项：
A: defy
B: signal
C: suffer from
D: result from
答案: 【 signal】
2、单选题：
It is said in the passage that when the economy slides, ________.
选项：
A: men would choose working women as their marriage partners
B: more women would get married to seek financial security
C: even working women would worry about their marriages
D: more people would prefer to remain single for the time being
答案: 【 more people would prefer to remain single for the time being】
3、单选题：
If women find fulfillment through work outside the home, ________.
选项：
A: they are more likely to dominate their marriage partners
B: their husbands are expected to do more housework
C: their marriage ties can be strengthened
D: they tend to put their career before marriage
答案: 【 their marriage ties can be strengthened】
4、单选题：
One reason why women with no career may seek a divorce is that ________.
选项：
A: they feel that they have been robbed of their freedom
B: they are afraid of being bossed around by their husbands
C: they feel that their partners fail to live up to their expectations
D: they tend to suspect their husbands’ loyalty to their marriage
答案: 【 they feel that they have been robbed of their freedom】
5、单选题：
Which of the following statements can best summarize the author’s view in the passage?
选项：
A: The stability of marriage and the divorce rate may reflect the economic situation of the country.
B: Even when economically independent, most women have to struggle for real equality in marriage.
C: In order to secure their marriage women should work outside the home and remain independent.
D: The impact of the growing female workforce on marriage varies from case to case.
答案: 【 The impact of the growing female workforce on marriage varies from case to case.】
6、单选题：
Part II Vocabulary Section A Choose the correct answer to fill in the blank in each sentence.The road to happiness is paved with .
选项：
A: adversities
B: array
C: facets
D: vendor
答案: 【 adversities】
7、单选题：
Typical reasons for business failures include , poor business location, poor customer service, unqualified or untrained employees, etc.
选项：
A: underestimation
B: undercapitalization
C: undertaking
D: underlining
答案: 【 undercapitalization】
8、单选题：
The company launched an aggressive strategy to stay competitive.
选项：
A: promising
B: pricing
C: prising
D: preying
答案: 【 pricing 】
9、单选题：
You usually pay a for organic meat and vegetables.
选项：
A: precision
B: precaution
C: premier
D: premium
答案: 【 premium】
10、单选题：
If you want to the supermarket, simple observation is your best weapon.
选项：
A: outwit
B: outbreak
C: outline
D: outlook
答案: 【 outwit】
11、填空题：
Section B Translate the following phrases from Chinese to English or from English to Chinese劳动力
答案: 【 work force##%_YZPRLFH_%##labor force##%_YZPRLFH_%##labour force##%_YZPRLFH_%##Labor force##%_YZPRLFH_%##Labour force##%_YZPRLFH_%##workforce##%_YZPRLFH_%##laborforce】
12、填空题：
企业家
答案: 【 entrepreneur##%_YZPRLFH_%##entrepreneurs##%_YZPRLFH_%##enterpriser##%_YZPRLFH_%##enterprisers】
13、填空题：
共同基金
答案: 【 mutual fund##%_YZPRLFH_%##mutual funds##%_YZPRLFH_%##mutual funding】
14、填空题：
目标受众
答案: 【 target audience##%_YZPRLFH_%##target audiences##%_YZPRLFH_%##target customer##%_YZPRLFH_%##target customers】
15、填空题：
自由企业制度
答案: 【 free enterprise##%_YZPRLFH_%##free enterprise system##%_YZPRLFH_%##free-enterprise system】
16、填空题：
pricing
答案: 【 定价】
17、填空题：
social networking
答案: 【 社交网站##%_YZPRLFH_%##社交网络##%_YZPRLFH_%##社会关系网络】
18、填空题：
stockholder
答案: 【 股东##%_YZPRLFH_%##股票持有者】
19、填空题：
sales force
答案: 【 销售队伍##%_YZPRLFH_%##销售人员##%_YZPRLFH_%##销售团队##%_YZPRLFH_%##推销人员##%_YZPRLFH_%##销售力量##%_YZPRLFH_%##销售力量，销售人员##%_YZPRLFH_%##销售人员，销售力量】
20、填空题：
business landscape
答案: 【 商业格局##%_YZPRLFH_%##商业环境##%_YZPRLFH_%##商业蓝图##%_YZPRLFH_%##企业愿景##%_YZPRLFH_%##商业前景##%_YZPRLFH_%##商业格局，商业环境##%_YZPRLFH_%##商业版图】
Unit2Marketing
2---Unit2Listeningpractice题目
1、填空题：
Business CulturesPower cultureCharacteristics of organization • small • 31. ____________ power source
答案: 【 central】
2、填空题：
• communication by 32._________Advantage: • can act quickly
答案: 【 conversation##%_YZPRLFH_%##conversations】
3、填空题：
Disadvantage: • might not act 33.____________
答案: 【 effectively】
4、填空题：
Suitable employee: • not afraid of 34.___________ • doesn't need job security
答案: 【 risk##%_YZPRLFH_%##risks】
5、填空题：
Role cultureCharacteristics of organization: • large, many 35.__________ • specialized departments • rules and procedure, e.g. job
答案: 【 levels】
6、填空题：
• 36. __________ and rules for disciplineAdvantages: • economies of scale
答案: 【 description##%_YZPRLFH_%##descriptions】
7、填空题：
• successful when 37.___________ ability is important.
答案: 【 technical】
8、填空题：
Disadvantages: • slow to see when 38.___________ is needed • slow to react
答案: 【 change】
9、填空题：
Suitable employee: • values security • doesn't want 39._________.
答案: 【 responsibility】
10、填空题：
Task culture Characteristics of organisation: • project orientated • in competitive market or making product with short life • a lot of delegation Advantage: • 40.__________Disadvantages: • no economies of scale or special expertiseSuitable employee: • likes to work in groups
答案: 【 flexible】
Scanning
1、单选题：
Read the passage "The Discovery of X-rays" quickly and choose the paragraph(s) which contain(s) the answer(s). You may choose more than one answer for question 3. The Discovery of X-rays Par. 1 Except for a brief description of the Compton effect, and a few other remarks, we have postponed the discussion of X-rays until the present chapter because it is particularly convenient to treat X-ray spectra after treating optical spectra. Although this ordering may have given the reader a distorted impression of the historical importance of X-rays, this impression will be corrected shortly as we describe the crucial role played by X-rays in the development of modern physics.Par. 2 X-rays were discovered in 1895 by Roentgen while studying the phenomena of gaseous discharge. Using a cathode ray tube with a high voltage of several tens of kilovolts, he noticed that salts of barium would fluoresce when brought near the tube, although nothing visible was emitted by the tube. This effect persisted when the tube was wrapped with a layer of black cardboard. Roentgen soon established that the agency responsible for the fluorescence originated at the point at which the stream of energetic electrons struck the glass wall of the tube. Because of its unknown nature, he gave this agency the name X-rays. He found that X-rays could manifest themselves by darkening wrapped photographic plates, discharging charged electroscopes, as well as by causing fluorescence in a number of different substances. He also found that X-rays can penetrate considerable thicknesses of materials of low atomic number, whereas substances of high atomic number are relatively opaque. Roentgen took the first steps in identifying the nature of X-rays by using a system of slits to show that (1) they travel in straight lines, and that (2) they are uncharged, because they are not deflected by electric or magnetic fields.Par. 3 The discovery of X-rays aroused the interest of all physicists, and many joined in the investigation of their properties. In 1899 Haga and Wind performed a single slit diffraction experiment with X-rays which showed that (3) X-rays are a wave motion phenomenon, and, from the size of the diffraction pattern, their wavelength could be estimated to be 10-8 cm. In 1906 Barkla proved that (4) the waves are transverse by showing that they can be polarized by scattering from many materials.Par. 4 There is, of course, no longer anything unknown about the nature of X-rays. They are electromagnetic radiation of exactly the same nature as visible light, except that their wavelength is several orders of magnitude shorter. This conclusion follows from comparing properties 1 through 4 with the similar properties of visible light, but it was actually postulated by Thomson several years before all these properties were known. Thomson argued that X-rays are electromagnetic radiation because such radiation would be expected to be emitted from the point at which the electrons strike the wall of a cathode ray tube. At this point, the electrons suffer very violent accelerations in coming to a stop and, according to classical electromagnetic theory, all accelerated charged particles emit electromagnetic radiations. We shall see later that this explanation of the production of X-rays is at least partially correct.Par. 5 In common with other electromagnetic radiations, X-rays exhibit particle-like aspects as well as wave-like aspects. The reader will recall that the Compton effect, which is one of the most convincing demonstrations of the existence of quanta, was originally observed with electromagnetic radiation in the X-ray region of wavelengths.When were X-rays discovered?
选项：
A: Par. 1
B: Par. 2
C: Par. 3
D: Par. 4
E: Par. 5
答案: 【 Par. 2】
2、单选题：
Who discovered X-rays?
选项：
A: Par. 1
B: Par. 2
C: Par. 3
D: Par. 4
E: Par. 5
答案: 【 Par. 2】
3、多选题：
What are the four characteristics of X-rays?
选项：
A: Par. 1
B: Par. 2
C: Par. 3
D: Par. 4
E: Par. 5
答案: 【 Par. 2;
Par. 3】
Skimming
1、单选题：
Go through the passage “Body Language” within 1 minute, and answer the question that follows. (Tips: Read the first sentence of each paragraph.)Body Language What does scientific literature tell us about the idea that body language reflects our real feelings? One experiment carried out about 10 years ago by Ross Buck from Carnegie-Mellon University in Pennsylvania suggests that spontaneous facial expression is not a very good index of real emotional state. Buck and his colleagues tested the accuracy with which people could identify the emotions felt by another person. They presented one set of subjects with color slides involving a variety of emotionally-loaded visual stimuli - such as "scenic" slides (landscapes, etc), "maternal" slides (mothers and young children), disgusting slides (severe facial injuries and burns) and unusual slides (art objects). Unknown to these subjects, they were being televised and viewed by another matched set of subjects, who were asked to decide, on the basis of the televised facial expressions, which of the four sets of slides had just been viewed. This experiment involved both male and female pairs, but no pairs comprising both men and women; that is men observed only men, and women observed women. Buck found that the female pairs correctly identified almost 40 per cent of the slides used - this was above the level which would be predicted by chance alone. (Chance level is 25 per cent here, as there were four classes of slide). But male pairs correctly identified only 28 per cent of slides - not significantly above chance level. In other words, this study suggests that facial expression is not a very good index of "real" feeling - and in the case of men watching and interpreting other men, is almost useless.Paul Ekman from the University of California has conducted a long series of experiments on nonverbal leakage (or how nonverbal behavior may reveal real inner states) which has yielded some more positive and counter-intuitive results. Ekman has suggested that nonverbal behavior may indeed provide a clue to real feelings and has explored in some detail people actively involved in deception, where their verbal language is not a true indication of how they really feel. Ekman here agrees with Sigmund Freud, who was also convinced of the importance of nonverbal behavior in spotting deception when he wrote: "He that has eyes to see and ears to hear may convince himself that no mortal can keep a secret. If his lips are silent, he chatters with his finger-tips; betrayal oozes out of him at every pore."Ekman predicted that the feet and legs would probably hold the best clue to deception because although the face sends out very quick instantaneous messages, people attend to and receive most feedback from the face and therefore try to control it most. In the case of the feet and legs the "transmission time" is much longer but we have little feedback from this part of the body. In other words, we are often unaware of what we are doing with our feet and legs. Ekman suggested that the face is equipped to lie the most (because we are often aware of our facial expression) and to "leak" the most (because it sends out many fast momentary messages) and is therefore going to be a very confusing source of information during deception. The legs and feet would be the primary source of nonverbal leakage and hold the main clue to deception. The form the leakage in the legs and feet would take would include "aggressive foot kicks, flirtatious leg displays, abortive restless flight movements". Clues to deception could be seen in "tense leg positions, frequent shifts of leg posture, and in restless or repetitive leg and foot movements."Ekman conducted a series of experiments to test his speculations, some involving psychiatric patients who were engaging in deception, usually to obtain release from hospital. He made films of interviews involving the patients and showed these, without sound, to one of two groups of observers. One group viewed only the face and head, the other group, the body from the neck down. Each observer was given a list of 300 adjectives describing attitudes, emotional state, and so on, and had to say which adjectives best described the patients. The results indicated quite dramatically that individuals who utilized the face tended to be misled by the patients, whereas those who concentrated on the lower body were much more likely to detect the real state of the patients and not be misled by the attempted deception.These studies thus suggest that some body language may indeed reflect our real feelings, even when we are trying to disguise them. Most people can, however, manage to control facial expression quite well and the face often seems to provide little information about real feeling. Paul Ekman has more recently demonstrated that people can be trained to interpret facial expression more accurately but this, not surprisingly, is a slow laborious process. Ekman's research, suggests that the feet and legs betray a great deal about real feelings and attitudes but the research is nowhere near identifying the meanings of particular foot movements. Ray Birdwhistell of the Eastern Pennsylvania Psychiatric Institute has gone some way towards identifying some of the basic nonverbal elements of the legs and feet, and as a first approximation has identified 58 separate elements. But the meanings of these particular elements are far from clear and neithe