大学MOOC 基因工程(湖南大学)1451221161 最新慕课完整章节测试答案

GETEST10

1、单选题：
‎Which of the following is NOT TRUE about DNA sequencing methods?​
选项：
A: Purified fragments of DNA cut from plasmid or amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
B: Clones of DNA fragments are denatured to single strands, and one of the strands is hybridized to an oligonucleotide primer
C: Taq polymerase is quite heat sensitive
D: New strands of DNA are synthesized from the end of the primer
答案: 【 Taq polymerase is quite heat sensitive】

2、单选题：
‌The combined mixture of all labeled DNA fragments is electrophoresed to _____ the fragments by______ and the ladder of fragments is scanned for the presence of each of the four labels.‏
选项：
A: separate, size
B: separate, pH
C: assimilate, pH
D: assimilate, size
答案: 【 separate, size】

3、单选题：
​To sequence larger molecules, individual chromosomes are purified and broken into _____ or larger random fragments, which are cloned into vectors designed for large molecules.‎
选项：
A: 100-Mb
B: 100-kb
C: 5000-kb
D: 600-kb
答案: 【 100-kb】

4、单选题：
‍Which of the following is NOT TRUE about Shotgun Sequencing?​
选项：
A: When DNA fragments derived from different chromosomal regions have repeats of the same sequence, they will appear to overlap
B: When DNA fragments derived from different chromosomal regions have repeats of the same sequence, they should be from the same gene locus. 
C: In a new whole shotgun approach, Celera Genomics is sequencing both ends of DNA fragments of short (2 kb), medium (10 kb), and long (BAC or >100 kb) lengths
D: A large number of reads are then assembled by computer
答案: 【 When DNA fragments derived from different chromosomal regions have repeats of the same sequence, they should be from the same gene locus. 】

5、单选题：
‌Sequence of which of the following cannot be determined using the Maxam Gilbert method?‎
选项：
A: Bacteria
B: Interstitial
C: Base-specific
D: Gene-specific
答案: 【 Base-specific】

6、单选题：
‏What is the main enzyme component of Sanger sequencing?‌
选项：
A: Helicase
B: Polymerase
C: Nuclease
D: Gyrase
答案: 【 Polymerase】

7、单选题：
‏Which of the following act as chain terminator?​
选项：
A: Exogenous
B: DNA
C: Deoxynucleotides
D: Dideoxynucleotides
答案: 【 Dideoxynucleotides】

8、单选题：
​Which of the following is not required for Sanger DNA sequencing?‏
选项：
A: Restriction digestion
B: Electrophoresis
C:  Cloning
D: Polymerase chain reaction
答案: 【  Cloning】

9、单选题：

‏The output of Sanger sequencing is a chromatogram. What does each colour on the chromatogram represent?

‍选项：
A: dNTP
B: SNP
C: gene
D: ddNTP
答案: 【 ddNTP】

10、单选题：
‌In hierarchical genome sequencing approach, based on the results of _______ mapping, _______of the BAC clones on a chromosome can be determined.‌
选项：
A: physical, the locations and orders
B: physical, only the locations
C: cytological, only the locations
D: physical, only the orders
答案: 【 physical, the locations and orders】

11、判断题：
‌Using ddATP, the resulting synthesis creates a set of nested DNA fragments, each one ending at one of the as in the sequence through the substitution of a fluorescent-labeled ddATP.‍
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

12、判断题：
‎The sequence can also be verified by making an oligonucleotide primer complementary to the distal part of the readable sequence and using it to obtain the sequence of the complementary strand on the original DNA template.‍
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

GEtest1

1、单选题：
‏In the laboratory, DNA molecules can be cut at specific sequences using:‍‏‍
选项：
A: UV light. 
B: restriction nucleases.
C: DNA ligase. 
D: laser tweezers.
E: DNA polymerase
答案: 【 restriction nucleases.】

2、单选题：
‍You know that a strand of template DNA has the following sequence:‌‍5'-ATGGTGCCGGCCTGAAGTCA-3'‌‍Which of the following DNA fragments will complement the template DNA, according to Watson-Crick base-pairing rules?‌
选项：
A: 3'-TAGGACCCGGGGACTTCAGT-5'
B: 3'-ATGGTGCCGGCCTGAAGTCA-5'
C: 3'-TACCACGGCCGGACTTCAGT-5'
D: 3'-GAGGCACGGCCGGTCAACAGA-5'
答案: 【 3'-TACCACGGCCGGACTTCAGT-5'】

3、单选题：
‍The two strands in the DNA double helix are anti-parallel. What does this mean?‏
选项：
A: Both strands run in the 3' to 5' direction
B: Both strands run in the 5' to 3' direction
C: Anti-parallel is used to refer to the left-handed curve of the DNA double helix
D: One strand runs in the 5' to 3' direction and the other runs 3 to 5 direction
答案: 【 One strand runs in the 5' to 3' direction and the other runs 3 to 5 direction】

4、单选题：
‍In order to fit in the nucleus, DNA is highly organized. Which of the following structures is involved in packaging DNA?​
选项：
A: Nucleosomes
B: Mitochondria
C: Golgi apparatus
D: Nucleoli
答案: 【 Nucleosomes】

5、单选题：
‍Which of the following terms is used to describe the type of RNA that functions as an adaptor, linking amino acids with anticodons?‌
选项：
A: Messenger RNA （mRNA）
B: McroRNA（ miRNA）
C: Ribosomal RNA （rRNA）
D: Transfer RNA （tRNA）
答案: 【 Transfer RNA （tRNA）】

6、单选题：
‎During replication, which enzyme is responsible for making a daughter strand of DNA using the parent strand as template?‌
选项：
A: Reverse transcriptase
B: RNAse
C: DNA polymerase
D: RNA polymerase
答案: 【 DNA polymerase】

7、单选题：
‎An electrical charge applied to an agarose gel will cause DNA to migrate through a matrix. What property of DNA does this technique exploit?‎
选项：
A: Electricity provides energy to nucleic acid，which causes the nucleic acid to move
B: The phosphate molecules that form the rails of the DNA ladder are negatively charged and will  migrate toward a positive charge
C: An electrical charge releases phosphate molecules from DNA，which provides energy that allows the DNA to migrate through the agarose gel
D: The nucleobases that form the rungs of the DNA ladder are positively charged and will migrate toward a negative charge
答案: 【 The phosphate molecules that form the rails of the DNA ladder are negatively charged and will  migrate toward a positive charge】

8、单选题：
‎The first step in a PCR cycle is to heat the sample to 95°C. What is the purpose of heating the sample?‍
选项：
A: To allow the primer to anneal to the template
B: To separate the two strands of DNA
C: To produce the optimal temperature for Taq dna polymerase to work
D: To produce the optimal temperature for most enzymatic reactions
答案: 【 To separate the two strands of DNA】

9、单选题：
‏The first step in replication is separating the two strands of DNA. This task is achieved by the enzyme helicase, which unwinds the double stranded DNA. What does this create?​
选项：
A: A replication fork
B: A transcription bubble
C: A DNA Zipper
D: Primase
答案: 【 A replication fork】

10、单选题：
‌Which of the following is the best definition of “translation”?‏
选项：
A: Protein makes DNA
B: RNA makes DNA
C: RNA makes protein
D: DNA makes RNA
答案: 【 RNA makes protein】

11、单选题：
‏Which of the following is a of the benefit of a semi-conservative replication process?‌
选项：
A: DNA can be quickly copied
B: This type of replication helps to minimizes mistakes
C: This type of replication requires fewer enzymes
D: There is no benefit
答案: 【 This type of replication helps to minimizes mistakes】

12、多选题：
‎Which molecule(s) make up the rails of the DNA ladder? Select all that apply.‍
选项：
A: Single nucleobase
B: Paired nucleobases
C: Sugar molecules
D: Phosphate molecules
答案: 【 Paired nucleobases;
Sugar molecules;
Phosphate molecules】

13、多选题：
‎Which of the following statement(s) describe(s) a difference between RNA and DNA. Select all that apply.‏
选项：
A: RNA can exit the nucleus
B: RNA is single stranded
C: RNA contains the nucleobase guanine（G）
D: RNA is less stable than dna
答案: 【 RNA can exit the nucleus;
RNA is single stranded;
RNA is less stable than dna】

转基因是什么？

1、单选题：
‍现代杂交育种技术中建立的转基因智能不育系，育性是​
选项：
A: 完全可育的
B: 完全不育的
C: 部分不育的
D: 不能确定
答案: 【 部分不育的】

2、单选题：
‍A品系跟B品系杂交，是把A品系中几个基因转移到B细胞内？​
选项：
A: 1个
B: 2个
C: 多个
D: 全套基因组基因
答案: 【 全套基因组基因】

3、多选题：
‌基因修饰生物包括哪些类型？‎
选项：
A: 抗虫转基因玉米
B: 改变花色的转基因牵牛花
C: 黄金大米
D: 抗虫转基因棉花
答案: 【 抗虫转基因玉米;
改变花色的转基因牵牛花;
黄金大米;
抗虫转基因棉花】

4、多选题：
‌转基因技术又叫做​
选项：
A: 基因工程技术
B: DNA重组技术
C: 基因修饰技术
D: 分子克隆技术
答案: 【 基因工程技术;
DNA重组技术;
基因修饰技术;
分子克隆技术】

5、判断题：
‍基因工程第一步“切”的步骤包括切下目的基因，但不包括切开载体。‎
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

GEtest2

1、单选题：
‌Once the recombinant plasmid is taken up by a host (E.coli), what must a researcher do?​
选项：
A: Insert the DNA into a phage.
B: Raise the host cells and select colonies containing the plasmid. 
C: Use one or more restriction enzymes. 
D: Ligate the DNA fragment to the plasmid.
答案: 【 Raise the host cells and select colonies containing the plasmid. 】

2、单选题：
‏What is an advantage of using a bacteriophage, compared with a plasmid?‎
选项：
A: Phages can be used to kill bacteria, and sterilize an area. 
B: Plasmids do not contain restriction sites. 
C: Bacteriophages can carry much longer DNA fragments than plasmids. 
D: Bacteriophages can carry smaller fragments than plasmids. 
E: Plasmids will not reproduce within bacteria. 
答案: 【 Bacteriophages can carry much longer DNA fragments than plasmids. 】

3、单选题：
‌Which of the following statements is NOT typically true of a plasmid?​
选项：
A: It inserts the gene of interest into the bacterial chromosome.
B: It is a circular molecule DNA. 
C: It can be used as a vector to clone DNA. 
D: It has cleavage sites for restriction nucleases.
E: It has a selectable property, such as antibiotic resistance. 
答案: 【 It inserts the gene of interest into the bacterial chromosome.】

4、单选题：
‏The number of molecules of an individual plasmid that are normally found in a single bacterial cell is known as?‏
选项：
A: Conjugative ability
B: Copy number
C: Competency
D: Replicative ability
答案: 【 Copy number】

5、单选题：
​What is the capsid (protective coat) of the bacteriophage made up of?‎
选项：
A: DNA
B: Protein
C: RNA
D: Organic acids
答案: 【 Protein】

6、单选题：
‍What are cosmid vectors?‌
选项：
A: Hybrid between phage and plasmid
B: Hybrid between M13 and lambda phage
C: Modified lambda vector
D: Modified M13 vector
答案: 【 Hybrid between phage and plasmid】

7、单选题：
‎To be able to coexist in the same cell, different plasmids must be ______‌
选项：
A: Conjugative
B: Of high copy number
C: Stable at high temperatures
D: Compatible
答案: 【 Compatible】

8、单选题：
​Which is an example of a simplest vector (in terms of size)?‍
选项：
A: 2 micron circle
B: Bacteriophage
C: Plasmid
D: YAC
答案: 【 Plasmid】

9、单选题：
‏Phage display technique makes use of which of the following vectors?‍
选项：
A: M13
B: Lambda
C: 2 micron circle
D: BAC
答案: 【 M13】

10、单选题：
​The cycle which is completed quickly in the infection by a phage is ________‎
选项：
A: Lysogenic
B: Lytic
C: Replication
D: Capsid formation
答案: 【 Lytic】

11、多选题：
‌Please select the true statement(s) using vectors to make recombinant DNA.‍
选项：
A: The DNA of interest could not replicate if it were not in a plasmid.
B: The vector prevents degradation of DNA by phages.
C: Vectors are more well-characterized than chromosomal DNA
D: They accept longer DNA fragments.
答案: 【 The vector prevents degradation of DNA by phages.;
Vectors are more well-characterized than chromosomal DNA】

12、多选题：
‌Plasmids are ____‏
选项：
A: A type of virus.
B: Extrachromosomal DNA found in bacteria.
C: Double stranded.
D: the tool to express any protein in living cells
答案: 【 Extrachromosomal DNA found in bacteria.;
Double stranded.】

13、多选题：
‎What is(are) the feature(s) associated with M13 phage?​
选项：
A: Doesn’t need genes for insertion into host genome
B: Capsid constructed