大学MOOC 经济学(广东外语外贸大学)1454923200 最新慕课完整章节测试答案
第一篇 经济学导论
单元测验1：第一篇（ 经济学导论）
1、单选题：
Microeconomics is often called
选项：
A: price theory.
B: decision science.
C: scarcity.
D: resource theory.
答案: 【 price theory. 】
2、单选题：
Society faces trade-offs because of
选项：
A: government regulations.
B: greedy corporations.
C: faceless bureaucrats.
D: scarcity.
答案: 【 scarcity. 】
3、单选题：
The purpose of making assumptions in economic model building is to
选项：
A: force the model to yield the correct answer.
B: minimize the amount of work an economist must do.
C: simplify the model while keeping important details.
D: express the relationship mathematically.
答案: 【 simplify the model while keeping important details. 】
4、单选题：
Which of the following is true?
选项：
A: Efficiency refers to the size of the economic pie; equality refers to how the pie is divided.
B: Government policies usually improve upon both equality and efficiency.
C: As long as the economic pie continually gets larger, no one will have to go hungry.
D: Efficiency and equality can both be achieved if the economic pie is cut into equal pieces.
答案: 【 Efficiency refers to the size of the economic pie; equality refers to how the pie is divided.】
5、单选题：
The opportunity cost of an item is
选项：
A: the number of hours needed to earn money to buy the item.
B: what you give up to get that item.
C: usually less than the dollar value of the item.
D: the dollar value of the item.
答案: 【 what you give up to get that item.】
6、单选题：
Rational people make decisions at the margin by
选项：
A: following marginal traditions.
B: following marginal traditions.
C: thinking in black-and-white terms.
D: comparing marginal costs and marginal benefits.
答案: 【 comparing marginal costs and marginal benefits.】
7、单选题：
People are likely to respond to a policy change
选项：
A: only if they think the policy is a good one.
B: only if the policy change changes the costs of their behavior.
C: only if the policy change changes the benefits of their behavior.
D: if the policy changes either the costs or benefits of their behavior.
答案: 【 if the policy changes either the costs or benefits of their behavior.】
8、单选题：
The invisible hand works to promote general well-being in the economy primarily through
选项：
A: government intervention.
B: the political process.
C: people’s pursuit of self-interest.
D: altruism.
答案: 【 people’s pursuit of self-interest. 】
9、单选题：
Causes of market failure include
选项：
A: externalities and market power.
B: market power and incorrect forecasts of consumer demand.
C: externalities and foreign competition.
D: incorrect forecasts of consumer demand and foreign competition.
答案: 【 externalities and market power.】
10、单选题：
What is the most important factor that explains differences in living standards across countries?
选项：
A: the quantity of money
B: the level of unemployment
C: productivity
D: equality
答案: 【 productivity】
11、单选题：
A circular-flow diagram is a model that
选项：
A: helps to explain how participants in the economy interact with one another.
B: helps to explain how people make decisions.
C: incorporates all aspects of the real economy.
D: helps to explain how the economy works as a whole.
答案: 【 helps to explain how participants in the economy interact with one another. 】
12、单选题：
Production is efficient if the economy is producing at a point
选项：
A: on the production possibilities frontier.
B: outside the production possibilities frontier.
C: on or inside the production possibilities frontier.
D: inside the production possibilities frontier.
答案: 【 on the production possibilities frontier.】
13、单选题：
The opportunity cost of obtaining more of one good is shown on the production possibilities frontier as the
选项：
A: amount of the other good that must be given up.
B: market price of the additional amount produced.
C: amount of resources that must be devoted to its production.
D: number of dollars that must be spent to produce it.
答案: 【 amount of the other good that must be given up.】
14、单选题：
Normative statements are
选项：
A: descriptive.
B: claims about how the world should be.
C: claims about how the world is.
D: made by economists speaking as scientists.
答案: 【 claims about how the world should be.】
15、单选题：
When can two countries gain from trading two goods?
选项：
A: when the first country can only produce the first good and the second country can only produce the second good
B: when the first country can produce both goods, but can only produce the second good at great cost, and the second country can produce both goods, but can only produce the first good at great cost
C: when the first country is better at producing both goods and the second country is worse at producing both goods
D: Two countries could gain from trading two goods under all of the above conditions.
答案: 【 Two countries could gain from trading two goods under all of the above conditions.】
16、单选题：
An economy’s production possibilities frontier is also its consumption possibilities frontier
选项：
A: under all circumstances.
B: under no circumstances.
C: when the economy is self-sufficient.
D: when the rate of tradeoff between the two goods being produced is constant.
答案: 【 when the economy is self-sufficient.】
17、单选题：
Absolute advantage is found by comparing different producers’
选项：
A: opportunity costs.
B: payments to land, labor, and capital.
C: input requirements per unit of output.
D: locational and logistical circumstances.
答案: 【 input requirements per unit of output.】
18、单选题：
Suppose Jim and Tom can both produce two goods: baseball bats and hockey sticks. Which of the following is not possible?
选项：
A: Jim has an absolute advantage in the production of baseball bats and in the production of hockey sticks.
B: Jim has an absolute advantage in the production of baseball bats and a comparative advantage in the production of hockey sticks.
C: Jim has an absolute advantage in the production of hockey sticks and a comparative advantage in the production of baseball bats.
D: Jim has a comparative advantage in the production of baseball bats and in the production of hockey sticks.
答案: 【 Jim has a comparative advantage in the production of baseball bats and in the production of hockey sticks.】
19、单选题：
Suppose Jim and Tom can both produce baseball bats. If Jim’s opportunity cost of producing baseball bats is lower than Tom’s opportunity cost of producing baseball bats, then
选项：
A: Tom must have an absolute advantage in the production of baseball bats.
B: Jim must have an absolute advantage in the production of baseball bats.
C: Tom has a comparative advantage in the production of baseball bats.
D: Jim has a comparative advantage in the production of baseball bats.
答案: 【 Jim has a comparative advantage in the production of baseball bats.】
20、单选题：
Trade can make everybody better off because it
选项：
A: increases cooperation among nations.
B: allows people to specialize according to comparative advantage.
C: requires some workers in an economy to be retrained.
D: reduces competition among domestic companies.
答案: 【 allows people to specialize according to comparative advantage.】
21、判断题：
Economics is the study of how evenly goods and services are distributed within society.
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】
22、判断题：
If wages for accountants rose, then accountants’ leisure time would have a lower opportunity cost.
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】
23、判断题：
A marginal change is a small incremental adjustment to an existing plan of action.
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】
24、判断题：
Trade with any nation can be mutually beneficial.
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】
25、判断题：
One way that governments can improve market outcomes is to ensure that individuals are able to own and exercise control over their scarce resources.
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】
26、判断题：
Inflation increases the value of money.
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】
27、判断题：
In the circular flow diagram, payments for labor, land, and capital flow from firms to households through the markets for the factors of production.
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】
28、判断题：
Points inside the production possibilities frontier represent inefficient levels of production.
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】
29、判断题：
Interdependence among individuals and interdependence among nations are both based on the gains from trade.
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】
30、判断题：
Trade allows a country to consume outside its production possibilities frontier.
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】
随堂测验
1、单选题：
Which is the most accurate statement about trade
选项：
A: Trade can make every nation better off.
B: Trade makes some nations better off and others worse off.
C: Trading for a good can make a nation better off only if the nation cannot produce that good itself.
D: Trade helps rich nations and hurts poor nations.
答案: 【 Trade can make every nation better off.】
2、判断题：
Trade allows each person to specialize in the activities he or she does best, thus increasing each individual's productivity.
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】
第二篇 供给与需求I市场如何运行
单元测验2： 第二篇（供给与需求：市场如何运行）
1、单选题：
In a market economy, supply and demand determine
选项：
A: both the quantity of each good produced and the price at which it is sold.
B: the quantity of each good produced but not the price at which it is sold.
C: the price at which each good is sold but not the quantity of each good produced.
D: neither the quantity of each good produced nor the price at which it is sold.
答案: 【 both the quantity of each good produced and the price at which it is sold. 】
2、单选题：
The quantity demanded of a good is the amount that buyers are
选项：
A: willing to purchase.
B: willing and able to purchase.
C: willing, able, and need to purchase.
D: able to purchase.
答案: 【 willing and able to purchase.】
3、单选题：
A decrease in quantity demanded
选项：
A: results in a movement downward and to the right along a demand curve.
B: results in a movement upward and to the left along a demand curve.
C: shifts the demand curve to the left.
D: shifts the demand curve to the right.
答案: 【 results in a movement upward and to the left along a demand curve.】
4、单选题：
Adam Smith suggested that an invisible had guides market economies. In this analogy, what is the baton that the invisible hand uses to conduct the economic orchestra?
选项：
A: the government
B: prices
C: subsidies
D: the Federal Reserve
答案: 【 prices】
5、单选题：
Elasticity is
选项：
A: a measure of how much buyers and sellers respond to changes in market conditions.
B: the study of how the allocation of resources affects economic well-being.
C: the maximum amount that a buyer will pay for a good.
D: the value of everything a seller must give up to produce a good.
答案: 【 a measure of how much buyers and sellers respond to changes in market conditions.】
6、单选题：
Suppose there is a 6 percent increase in the price of good X and a resulting 6 percent decrease in the quantity of X demanded. Price elasticity of demand for X is
选项：
A: 0.
B: 1.
C: 6.
D: 36.
答案: 【 1.】
7、单选题：
Goods with many close substitutes tend to have
选项：
A: more elastic demands.
B: less elastic demands.
C: price elasticities of demand that are unit elastic.
D: income elasticities of demand that are negative.
答案: 【 more elastic demands.】
8、单选题：
If two goods are substitutes, their cross-price elasticity will be
选项：
A: positive.
B: negative.
C: zero.
D: equal to the difference between the income elasticities of demand for the two goods.
答案: 【 positive.】
9、单选题：
A price ceiling is binding when it is set
选项：
A: above the equilibrium price, causing a shortage.
B: above the equilibrium price, causing a surplus.
C: below the equilibrium price, causing a shortage.
D: below the equilibrium price, causing a surplus.
答案: 【 below the equilibrium price, causing a shortage.】
10、单选题：
If the government wants to reduce smoking, it should impose a tax on
选项：
A: buyers of cigarettes.
B: sellers of cigarettes.
C: either buyers or sellers of cigarettes.
D: whichever side of the market is less elastic.
答案: 【 either buyers or sellers of cigarettes.】
11、判断题：
If something happens to alter the quantity de