大学MOOC 阅读与思辨（2021春）(西安交通大学)1462661191 最新慕课完整章节测试答案
Lesson1
ReadingComprehensionpassage1
1、单选题：
The author's analysis focuses on landslides caused by________.
选项：
A: floods
B: rainfall
C: earthquakes
D: volcanic eruptions
答案: 【 rainfall】
2、单选题：
What does the word stark(Line 1, para.2) mean?
选项：
A: unpleasant
B: plain
C: little
D: hush
答案: 【 hush 】
3、单选题：
Why do the author’s data of a fatalities differ from official figures?
选项：
A: The UN databases focuses more on economic loss.
B: The UN database covers fewer types of landslides.
C: The UN database doesn't take many small events into account.
D: The UN UN database can obtain data in populous but remote mountain areas
答案: 【 The UN database doesn't take many small events into account. 】
4、单选题：
What is the final purpose of the data gathering according to the passage?
选项：
A: To decrease landslide fatalities
B: To reduce the occurrence of landslides
C: To understand more about landslides
D: To inform the public of more details about landslides
答案: 【 To decrease landslide fatalities】
5、单选题：
Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
选项：
A: Landslide's death toll and reasons
B: Landslide recognition control
C: Landslide prediction and assessment
D: Landslide analysis and Early Warning system
答案: 【 Landslide's death toll and reasons】
ReadingComprehensionpassage2
1、单选题：
Which of the following is the major concern of the passage?
选项：
A: Human desire for social interaction.
B: Anxiety resulted from interpersonal relationship.
C: The popularity of social media in people’s everyday activities.
D: The influence of social media on social anxiety.
答案: 【 The influence of social media on social anxiety.】
2、单选题：
In Para.2, the word “them” refers to ________.
选项：
A: social media users
B: hours and days spent interacting digitally
C: offline personal relationships
D: online friendships
答案: 【 offline personal relationships】
3、单选题：
According to the passage, how does one tend to react when he has a great number of “friends” on social media?
选项：
A: He becomes eager to make more “friends”
B: He feels he is popular.
C: His ego is going to take a hit.
D: He thinks it is beyond expectation.
答案: 【 He feels he is popular.】
4、单选题：
In Para.4, “social lubrication” means ________.
选项：
A: escape from social interaction
B: alcohol abus
C: activity that helps people feel comfortable on social occasion
D: formal eating codes at parties and get-togethers
答案: 【 activity that helps people feel comfortable on social occasion】
5、单选题：
According to the passage, all of the following about social anxiety are true EXCEPT _______.
选项：
A: feeling uncomfortable at a Christmas party is an indication of mild social anxiety
B: unwillingness to be judged by people may result in social anxiety
C: doing several tasks at the same time when using social media is more likely to increase levels of anxiety
D: the use of social media brings about new forms of anxiety
答案: 【 feeling uncomfortable at a Christmas party is an indication of mild social anxiety】
Lesson2
Scanning
1、单选题：
Read the passage "The Discovery of X-rays" quickly and choose the paragraph(s) which contain(s) the answer(s). You may choose more than one answer for question 3. The Discovery of X-rays Par. 1 Except for a brief description of the Compton effect, and a few other remarks, we have postponed the discussion of X-rays until the present chapter because it is particularly convenient to treat X-ray spectra after treating optical spectra. Although this ordering may have given the reader a distorted impression of the historical importance of X-rays, this impression will be corrected shortly as we describe the crucial role played by X-rays in the development of modern physics.Par. 2 X-rays were discovered in 1895 by Roentgen while studying the phenomena of gaseous discharge. Using a cathode ray tube with a high voltage of several tens of kilovolts, he noticed that salts of barium would fluoresce when brought near the tube, although nothing visible was emitted by the tube. This effect persisted when the tube was wrapped with a layer of black cardboard. Roentgen soon established that the agency responsible for the fluorescence originated at the point at which the stream of energetic electrons struck the glass wall of the tube. Because of its unknown nature, he gave this agency the name X-rays. He found that X-rays could manifest themselves by darkening wrapped photographic plates, discharging charged electroscopes, as well as by causing fluorescence in a number of different substances. He also found that X-rays can penetrate considerable thicknesses of materials of low atomic number, whereas substances of high atomic number are relatively opaque. Roentgen took the first steps in identifying the nature of X-rays by using a system of slits to show that (1) they travel in straight lines, and that (2) they are uncharged, because they are not deflected by electric or magnetic fields.Par. 3 The discovery of X-rays aroused the interest of all physicists, and many joined in the investigation of their properties. In 1899 Haga and Wind performed a single slit diffraction experiment with X-rays which showed that (3) X-rays are a wave motion phenomenon, and, from the size of the diffraction pattern, their wavelength could be estimated to be 10-8 cm. In 1906 Barkla proved that (4) the waves are transverse by showing that they can be polarized by scattering from many materials.Par. 4 There is, of course, no longer anything unknown about the nature of X-rays. They are electromagnetic radiation of exactly the same nature as visible light, except that their wavelength is several orders of magnitude shorter. This conclusion follows from comparing properties 1 through 4 with the similar properties of visible light, but it was actually postulated by Thomson several years before all these properties were known. Thomson argued that X-rays are electromagnetic radiation because such radiation would be expected to be emitted from the point at which the electrons strike the wall of a cathode ray tube. At this point, the electrons suffer very violent accelerations in coming to a stop and, according to classical electromagnetic theory, all accelerated charged particles emit electromagnetic radiations. We shall see later that this explanation of the production of X-rays is at least partially correct.Par. 5 In common with other electromagnetic radiations, X-rays exhibit particle-like aspects as well as wave-like aspects. The reader will recall that the Compton effect, which is one of the most convincing demonstrations of the existence of quanta, was originally observed with electromagnetic radiation in the X-ray region of wavelengths.When were X-rays discovered?
选项：
A: Par. 1
B: Par. 2
C: Par. 3
D: Par. 4
E: Par. 5
答案: 【 Par. 2】
2、单选题：
Who discovered X-rays?
选项：
A: Par. 1
B: Par. 2
C: Par. 3
D: Par. 4
E: Par. 5
答案: 【 Par. 2】
3、多选题：
What are the four characteristics of X-rays?
选项：
A: Par. 1
B: Par. 2
C: Par. 3
D: Par. 4
E: Par. 5
答案: 【 Par. 2;
Par. 3】
Skimming
1、单选题：
Go through the passage “Body Language” within 1 minute, and answer the question that follows. (Tips: Read the first sentence of each paragraph.)Body Language What does scientific literature tell us about the idea that body language reflects our real feelings? One experiment carried out about 10 years ago by Ross Buck from Carnegie-Mellon University in Pennsylvania suggests that spontaneous facial expression is not a very good index of real emotional state. Buck and his colleagues tested the accuracy with which people could identify the emotions felt by another person. They presented one set of subjects with color slides involving a variety of emotionally-loaded visual stimuli - such as "scenic" slides (landscapes, etc), "maternal" slides (mothers and young children), disgusting slides (severe facial injuries and burns) and unusual slides (art objects). Unknown to these subjects, they were being televised and viewed by another matched set of subjects, who were asked to decide, on the basis of the televised facial expressions, which of the four