大学MOOC Pediatrics(Fudan University)1457942183 最新慕课完整章节测试答案

01

1、单选题：
‏Regarding pediatric basic medicine, which of the following statements is incorrect‎
选项：
A: Children of different ages have different physiological and biochemical normal indicators
B: Infants and young children have strong metabolism, high nutritional requirements, and good digestion and absorption functions
C: The immune function of infants and young children is worse than that of adults
D: Different ages, the body reacts differently to pathogens
答案: 【 Infants and young children have strong metabolism, high nutritional requirements, and good digestion and absorption functions】

2、单选题：
‍What is characteristic of infancy：‏
选项：
A: Prone to indigestion and nutritional disorders
B: Prone to mental health problems
C: Like to participate in collectivization and socialization activities
D: Prone to dental caries and amblyopia
答案: 【 Prone to indigestion and nutritional disorders】

1.2

1、单选题：
‌The neonatal period refers to the period from birth to after birth‍
选项：
A: 7 days
B: 14 days
C: 28 days
D: 30 days
答案: 【 28 days】

2、单选题：
​What is characteristic of infancy‍
选项：
A: Slow growth and development
B:  Prone to indigestion and nutritional disorders
C: Prone to mental health problems
D:  Like to participate in collectivization and socialization activities
答案: 【  Prone to indigestion and nutritional disorders】

MCQ

1、单选题：
‏Which of the following is outside the scope of pediatrics‌
选项：
A:  Child disease prevention
B: Physical growth monitoring
C: Children's health promotion
D: Art learning
答案: 【 Art learning】

2、单选题：
​Regarding pediatric basic medicine, which of the following statements is incorrect‌
选项：
A: As the age increases, the proportion of children's body parts also changes
B: Children of different ages have different physiological and biochemical normal indicators
C: Infants and young children have strong metabolism, high nutritional requirements, and good digestion and absorption functions
D: The immune function of infants and young children is worse than that of adults
答案: 【 Infants and young children have strong metabolism, high nutritional requirements, and good digestion and absorption functions】

02

1、单选题：
‎Which of the following diseases does not belong to the scope of basic immunity‍
选项：
A: Diphtheria
B: Tuberculosis
C: Tetanus
D: Mumps
答案: 【 Mumps】

2、单选题：
‎Regarding planned immunization, which of the following is wrong    ​
选项：
A: Children with immunodeficiency should not be vaccinated with live attenuated vaccine
B: Is a key measure to prevent infectious diseases in children
C: Vaccination can improve the non-specific immunity of susceptible people
D: Most are vaccinated with specific antigens, so that susceptible people produce immune antibodies
答案: 【 Vaccination can improve the non-specific immunity of susceptible people】

2.1

1、单选题：
​Regarding planned immunization, which of the following is wrong‏
选项：
A: Vaccination can improve the non-specific immunity of susceptible people
B: Is a key measure to prevent infectious diseases in children
C: Most are vaccinated with specific antigens, so that susceptible people produce immune antibodies
D: Some children have low fever after vaccination
答案: 【 Vaccination can improve the non-specific immunity of susceptible people】

2、单选题：
‌Which of the following diseases does not belong to the scope of basic immunity‏
选项：
A: Measles
B: Diphtheria
C: Tuberculosis
D: Mumps
答案: 【 Mumps】

03

1、单选题：
‏Which of the following is not a correct general rule of growth and development of children.‏
选项：
A: From top to bottom
B: From complex to simple
C: From near to far
D: From gross to fine
答案: 【 From complex to simple】

2、单选题：
‎The rapid development of the secondary sex characters is during‍
选项：
A: Infancy
B: Preschool
C: Early childhood
D: Mid-puberty
答案: 【 Mid-puberty】

3、单选题：
‏The baby weighs 6.5 kg, the anterior fontanel is 1.5 cm × 1.5 cm, the posterior fontanelle is closed, and can be laughed at with a ridiculous voice. When prone, he raises his head by 90 °, and does not turn over and cannot sit alone. The most likely month age is‏
选项：
A: 2 months
B: 4 months
C: 6 months
D: 8 months
答案: 【 4 months】

3.1

1、单选题：
‌Which of the following is not a correct general rule of growth and development of children‎
选项：
A: From top to bottom
B: From complex to simple
C: From near to far
D: From gross to fine
答案: 【 From complex to simple】

2、单选题：
‎What is correct about children's growth and development law is​
选项：
A: Balanced growth and development of various systems
B: Continuity
C: Retrogressive
D: No growth trajectory
答案: 【 Continuity】

3.2

1、单选题：
‌The rapid development of the secondary sex characters is during​
选项：
A: Infancy
B: Preschool
C: Early childhood
D: Mid-puberty
答案: 【 Mid-puberty】

2、单选题：
‌Generally, the latest month of closure of the bregma is‎
选项：
A: 6 months
B: 12 months
C: 18 months
D: 24 months
答案: 【 24 months】

3.3

1、单选题：
‎The baby weighs 6.5 kg, the anterior fontanel is 1.5 cm × 1.5 cm, the posterior fontanelle is closed, and can be laughed at with a ridiculous voice. When prone, he raises his head by 90 °, and does not turn over and cannot sit alone. The most likely month age is​
选项：
A: 2 months
B: 4 months
C: 6 months
D: 8 months
答案: 【 4 months】

2、单选题：
‌What is not included in the "standards" for children's mental health‏
选项：
A: Normal mental development
B: Have good hygiene
C: Good mood
D: Psychological characteristics are consistent with age
答案: 【 Have good hygiene】

04

1、单选题：
​Which of the following nutrient does not provide energy?‎
选项：
A: Carbohydrate
B: Fat
C: Protein
D: Vitamins
答案: 【 Vitamins】

2、单选题：
‏What signs might not mean insufficient breast milk intake?‌
选项：
A: Insufficient weight gain, the growth curve is flat or even decling
B: Not sleep for long periods
C: A small grunting noise with swallow
D: Less than 6 wet diapers change
答案: 【 A small grunting noise with swallow】

3、单选题：
‎Treatment of malnutrition Which of the following is incorrect.‌
选项：
A: Manage life-threatening complications
B: Remove the cause
C: Emphasize individualization
D: Give adequate food promptly and quickly
答案: 【 Give adequate food promptly and quickly】

4、单选题：
‎Boy, 5 years old. He has a good appetite since childhood, obesity caused by inactivity, tall body, normal intelligence, diagnosed as simple obesity. The following principles should be followed for its treatment, except:‌
选项：
A: Restricted diet makes the weight decrease faster
B: eat more vegetables and fruits
C: encourage and arrange a certain amount of activities
D: generally does not require medication
答案: 【 Restricted diet makes the weight decrease faster】

5、单选题：
‍Human vitamin D mainly comes from‍
选项：
A: Endogenous vitamin D synthesized by the skin
B: Vitamin D in egg yolk
C: Vitamin D in pig liver
D: Plants provide vitamin D
答案: 【 Endogenous vitamin D synthesized by the skin】

6、单选题：
‎The clinical stage of vitamin D deficiency rickets is‎
选项：
A: Early period, middle period, late period
B: Initial period, peak period, recovery period
C: Early stage, acute period, recovery period, sequelae period
D: none of the above
答案: 【 Early stage, acute period, recovery period, sequelae period】

4.1

1、单选题：
‏Baby girl, 11 months old, the main difference between her nutritional needs and the adult is‌
选项：
A: Nutrient and energy requirements for basal metabolism
B: Nutrient and energy requirements  for growth and development
C: The calorie cost of the thermic effect of food
D: Nutrient and energy requirements for activities
答案: 【 Nutrient and energy requirements  for growth and development】

2、单选题：
‍Which of the following nutrient does not provide energy? ‍
选项：
A: Carbohydrate
B: Fat
C: Protein
D: Vitamins
答案: 【 Vitamins】

4.2

1、单选题：
‏A full-term newborn is exclusive breastfeeding., the mother concerns how often should she breastfeed her baby during different months of age. Which of the following answers is incorrect‌
选项：
A: Feeding a newborn when she/he is hungry (on demand) rather than on a schedule is ultimately best for breastfeeding success.
B: Infants should breastfeed every 3 hours for about 1 to 2 months of age.
C: After 3 months of age, the children are developmentally able to sleep through the night without a feeding.
D: Infants should breastfeed every 4 hours for 4 to 6 months of age.
答案: 【 Infants should breastfeed every 3 hours for about 1 to 2 months of age.】

2、单选题：
‎What signs might not mean insufficient breast milk intake?‍
选项：
A: Insufficient weight gain, the growth curve is flat or even decling
B: Not sleep for long periods
C: A small grunting noise with swallow
D: Less than 6 wet diapers change
答案: 【 A small grunting noise with swallow】

4.3

1、单选题：
‍The main measure for early detection of malnourished children is‌
选项：
A: Conduct growth and development monitoring
B: Carry out health education
C: Guided feeding
D: Carry out disease prevention
答案: 【 Conduct growth and development monitoring】

2、单选题：
​About the treatment of malnutrition, which of the following is incorrect?‏
选项：
A: Manage life-threatening complications
B: Remove the cause
C: Emphasize individualization
D: Give adequate food promptly and quickly
答案: 【 Give adequate food promptly and quickly】

4.4

1、单选题：
‌Which of the following is not the cause of simple obesity?‍
选项：
A: Excessive intake of carbohydrates
B: Long time watching TV
C: Parental obesity
D: Parents feel that their children are overweight
答案: 【 Parents feel that their children are overweight】

2、单选题：
‏A 5-years-old boy has a good appetite since childhood, obesity caused by inactivity, tall body, normal intelligence, diagnosed as simple obesity. The following principles should be followed for its treatment, except:‍
选项：
A: Restricted diet makes the weight decrease faster
B: Eat more vegetables and fruits
C: Encourage and arrange a certain amount of activities
D: Do a good job of the ideological work of parents and children, and eliminate their nervousness
答案: 【 Restricted diet makes the weight decrease faster】

4.5

1、单选题：
‎The active form of vitamin D is:‍
选项：
A: 1- (OH) -vitamin D
B: 25- (OH) -vitamin D
C:  27- (OH) -vitamin D
D: 1,25- (OH) 2-vitamin D
答案: 【 1,25- (OH) 2-vitamin D】

2、单选题：
‏Human vitamin D mainly comes from‍
选项：
A: Endogenous vitamin D synthesized by the skin
B: Vitamin D in egg yolk
C: Vitamin D in pig liver
D: Plants provide vitamin D
答案: 【 Endogenous vitamin D synthesized by the skin】

4.6

1、单选题：
‌The main clinical manifestations that do not meet the initial stage of rickets are‍
选项：
A: Restless sleep
B: Night cry
C: Pillow baldness
D: softened skull
答案: 【 softened skull】

05

1、单选题：
‎The neonatal gestational age is 290 days, the birth weight is 3600 grams, and its weight is in the 80th percentile of the same gestational age weight standard. Which of the following is the most correct diagnosis?​
选项：
A: postpartum babies, macrosomia
B: postpartum babies, large for gestational age
C: full-term babies, appropriate for gestational age
D: full-term babies, large for gestational age
答案: 【 full-term babies, appropriate for gestational age】

2、单选题：
‌For premature babies with a birth weight of 1,000 grams, which of the following is the most suitable temperature for the incubator (neutral temperature) within 10 days after birth?‏
选项：
A: 32 ℃ 32 ℃
B: 33 ℃ 33 ℃
C: 34 ℃ 34 ℃
D: 35 ℃ 35 ℃
答案: 【 35 ℃ 35 ℃】

3、单选题：
‍The most common cause of intracranial hemorrhage in preterm infants is‌
选项：
A: birth injury
B: asphyxia and hypoxia
C: deficiency of coagulation factors
D: infection
答案: 【 asphyxia and hypoxia】

4、单选题：
‏Which of the following is not a common complication in infants small for gestational age:​
选项：
A: polycythemia
B: respiratory distress syndrome
C: hypoglycemia
D: growth retardation
答案: 【 respiratory distress syndrome】

5、单选题：
​The most important factor in the etiology of neonatal pulmonary hyaline membrane disease is​
选项：
A: caesarean section and abnormal delivery
B: mother with diabetes
C: lung surfactant deficiency
D: too much fluid in the lungs
答案: 【 lung surfactant deficiency】

6、单选题：
‏Treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome does not include‌
选项：
A: ventilator support
B: CPAP support
C: pulmonary surfactant replacement therapy
D: nitric oxide inhalation
答案: 【 nitric oxide inhalation】

7、单选题：
‍A full term newborn with birth asphyxia had respiratory difficulty and cyanosis after resuscitation. Chest X-ray showed bilateral emphysema and it was diagnosed meconium aspiration syndrome. His cyanosis wasn’t improved even after endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation. His SpO2 was 70-80%. Which of the following should be considered first?​
选项：
A: pneumothorax
B: persistent pulmonary hypertension
C: infectious pneumonia
D: bronchopulmonary dysplasia
答案: 【 persistent pulmonary hypertension】

8、单选题：
‎Which of the following is not the characteristic of neonatal bilirubin metabolism：‌
选项：
A: breastfeeding
B: excessive bilirubin production
C: poor ability of plasma albumin to bind bilirubin
D: hepatocytes have poor ability to process bilirubin
答案: 【 breastfeeding】

9、单选题：
‌Which is not the side effect of phototherapy？‎
选项：
A: rash
B: diarrhea
C: seizure
D: fever
答案: 【 seizure】

10、单选题：
‌Which blood group incompatible hemolysis is most common in Chinese newborn：‏
选项：
A: Rh  Rh
B: MN  MN
C: ABO  ABO
D: Kell  Kell
答案: 【 ABO  ABO】

11、单选题：
‎The most common complication of neonatal sepsis is‏
选项：
A: otitis media
B: pneumonia
C: purulent meningitis
D: dehydration
答案: 【 purulent meningitis】

12、单选题：
‍The main cause of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy​
选项：
A: repeated apnea
B: congenital heart disease with right-to-left shunting
C: severe heart failure or circulatory failure
D: perinatal asphyxia
答案: 【 perinatal asphyxia】

13、单选题：
‌Which of the following is not the treatment for neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy‍
选项：
A: mild hypothermia
B: phenobarbital to control convulsions
C: penicillin anti-infection
D: dehydrating agent
答案: 【 penicillin anti-infection】

14、单选题：
‎Which type of intracranial hemorrhage occurs most commonly in very low birth weight infants：​
选项：
A: subdural hemorrhage
B: subarachnoid hemorrhage
C: periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage
D: cerebellar hemorrhage
答案: 【 periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage】

5.1

1、单选题：
‏The neonatal gestational age is 290 days, the birth weight is 3600 grams, and its weight is in the 80th percentile of the same gestational age weight standard. Which of the following is the most correct diagnosis?‎
选项：
A: postpartum babies, macrosomia
B: postpartum babies, large for gestational age
C: full-term babies, appropriate for gestational age
D: full-term babies, large for gestational age
答案: 【 full-term babies, appropriate for gestational age】

2、单选题：
​The definition of extremely low birth weight infant‍
选项：
A: birth weight <1000g
B: birth weight <1500g
C: birth weight ≤1500g
D: birth weight ≤1000g
答案: 【 birth weight <1000g】

5.10

1、单选题：
‍Which blood group incompatible hemolysis is most common in Chinese newborn:‍
选项：
A: Rh  Rh
B: MN  MN
C: ABO  ABO
D: Kell  Kell
答案: 【 ABO  ABO】

2、单选题：
‏If the mother’s Rh blood type is CcDee and the fetus is CcDEe, then Rh incompatibility should be‍
选项：
A: C antigen
B: antigen
C: D antigen
D: E antigen
答案: 【 E antigen】

5.11

1、单选题：
‎The most common complication of neonatal sepsis is‎
选项：
A: otitis media
B: pneumonia
C: purulent meningitis
D: dehydration
答案: 【 purulent meningitis】

2、单选题：
​Which of the following could be the symptom of neonatal septicemia:‍
选项：
A: fever
B: apnea
C: jaundice
D: all of the above are right
答案: 【 all of the above are right】

5.12

1、单选题：
‎The main cause of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy​
选项：
A: repeated apnea
B: congenital heart disease with right-to-left shunting
C: severe heart failure or circulatory failure
D: perinatal asphyxia
答案: 【 perinatal asphyxia】

2、单选题：
​A term infant had fetal distress and Apgar score was 2 at 1st minute and 4 at 5th minute. He recovered after resuscitation, then started to show irritable and  hypermyotonia. Most possible diagnosis is:‏
选项：
A: Hypocalemia
B: Hypoglycemia
C: Neonatal menigitis
D: Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy
答案: 【 Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy】

5.13

1、单选题：
‍Which of the following is not the treatment for neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy​
选项：
A: mild hypothermia
B: phenobarbital to control convulsions
C: penicillin anti-infection
D: dehydrating agent
答案: 【 penicillin anti-infection】

2、单选题：
‍Which of the following is not the diagnostic standard of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy：‎
选项：
A: Feta heart rate<100bpm and last for more than 5 minutes
B: Umbilical arterial gas pH<7.35
C: Apgar score ≤3 at 1st minute and ≤5 at 5th minute
D: Abnormal nervous system presentation within 24 hours after birth
答案: 【 Umbilical arterial gas pH<7.35】

5.14

1、单选题：
‍Which type of intracranial hemorrhage occurs most commonly in very low birth weight infants：‎
选项：
A: subdural hemorrhage
B: subarachnoid hemorrhage
C: periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage
D: cerebellar hemorrhage
答案: 【 periventricular-intraventricular hemorrhage】

2、单选题：
​A 36 weeks preterm infant with precipitate labor. Apgar score 3 at 1st minute. He showed irritable then generalized seizure and full fontanelle. Which of the following causes is not related to the onset:‏
选项：
A: neonatal intracranial hemorrhage
B: birth asphyxia
C: neonatal coagulation factors deficiency
D: precipitate labor
答案: 【 neonatal intracranial hemorrhage】

5.2

1、单选题：
‌For premature babies with a birth weight of 1,000 grams, which of the following is the most suitable temperature for the incubator (neutral temperature) within 10 days after birth?​
选项：
A: 32 ℃ 32 ℃
B: 33 ℃ 33 ℃
C: 34 ℃ 34 ℃
D: 35 ℃ 35 ℃
答案: 【 35 ℃ 35 ℃】

2、单选题：
‏Physiologic weight lower of a normal newborn will be recovered in‎
选项：
A: 1~3days
B: 3~5 days
C: 5~7 days
D: 7~10days
答案: 【 7~10days】

5.3

1、单选题：
‍The most common cause of intracranial hemorrhage in preterm infants is‎
选项：
A: birth injury
B: asphyxia and hypoxia
C: deficiency of coagulation factors
D: infection
答案: 【 asphyxia and hypoxia】

2、单选题：
‌A preterm newborn of gestational 33 weeks was sent to NICU, which of the following will most unlikely take place?‏
选项：
A: hypothermia
B: hypoglycemia
C: apnea
D: erythrocytosis
答案: 【 erythrocytosis】

5.4

1、单选题：
‏Which of the following is not a common complication in infants small for gestational age:‍
选项：
A: polycythemia
B: respiratory distress syndrome
C: hypoglycemia
D: growth retardation
答案: 【 respiratory distress syndrome】

2、单选题：
‏Which is not the criterion of Apgar score evaluation of the newborn?‏
选项：
A: Heart rate
B: Respiratory effort
C: Skin color
D: Body temperature
答案: 【 Body temperature】

5.5

1、单选题：
‌The most important factor in the etiology of neonatal pulmonary hyaline membrane disease is‍
选项：
A: caesarean section and abnormal delivery
B: mother with diabetes
C: lung surfactant deficiency
D: too much fluid in the lungs
答案: 【 lung surfactant deficiency】

2、单选题：
‌Which of the following does not meet the pulmonary X-ray manifestations of neonatal hyaline membrane disease‌
选项：
A: the transmittance of both lungs is generally decreaseed
B: evenly dispersed fine particles and network shadows
C: air bronchogram
D: partial alveolar compensatory emphysema
答案: 【 partial alveolar compensatory emphysema】

5.6

1、单选题：
‍Treatment of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome does not include‎
选项：
A: ventilator support
B: CPAP support
C: pulmonary surfactant replacement therapy
D: nitric oxide inhalation
答案: 【 nitric oxide inhalation】

2、单选题：
‎A 29 week preterm infant showed grunting, cyanosis and retraction since 4 hours after birth. His respiratory difficulty didn’t improve even after oxygen inhalation by nasal cannula. Which is the most possible diagnosis:​
选项：
A: aspiration pneumonia
B: neonatal white lung
C: neonatal hyaline membrane disease
D: primary atelectasis
答案: 【 neonatal hyaline membrane disease】

5.7

1、单选题：
‍A full term newborn with birth asph