大学MOOC Botany(Huazhong Agricultural University)1458214165 最新慕课完整章节测试答案

Introduction

1、单选题：
‌Which of the following characteristics is related to the growth or thickening of plants?‌
选项：
A: With cell wall
B: Photosynthesis
C: Sessile life
D: With meristem
答案: 【 With meristem】

2、单选题：
​Which biologist proposed the Biological Two-World System?‏
选项：
A: Linnaeus
B: Weitek
C: Haeckel
D: Chen Shixiang
答案: 【 Linnaeus】

3、单选题：
​What level of diversity does the sum of variation among individuals within a species belong to?‎
选项：
A: Cell
B: Species
C: Heredity (gene)
D: Organs
E: Ecosystem
答案: 【 Heredity (gene)】

4、单选题：
‎What is the world rank of the number of seed plants of China?‍
选项：
A: First
B: Second
C: Third
D: Fourth
答案: 【 Third】

5、单选题：
‏What are the main effective ingredients for treating malaria contained in Artemisia annua?‎
选项：
A: Xanthoflavin
B: Artemisinin
C: Chlorophyll
D: Antibiotic
答案: 【 Artemisinin】

6、单选题：
​"Plant Origin", "Shen Nong's Materia Medica" and "Compendium of Materia Medica" are the representative works of which development period of botany?‎
选项：
A: Period of experimental botany
B: Period of descriptive botany
C: Period of modern botany
D: Period of molecular botany
答案: 【 Period of descriptive botany】

7、单选题：
‌Which biologist is the author of "Origin of Species"?‏
选项：
A: Linnaeus
B: Watson and Crick
C: Darwin
D: Haeckel
答案: 【 Darwin】

8、多选题：
‍The five-world system of biology includes:‎
选项：
A: Prokaryotes
B: Protists
C: Plants
D: Fungi
E: Animals
F: Bacteria
答案: 【 Prokaryotes;
Protists;
Plants;
Fungi;
Animals】

9、多选题：
​Which of the following three levels is the most representative of plant diversity?​
选项：
A: Heredity (gene)
B: Species
C: Cells
D:  Organs
E: Ecosystem
答案: 【 Heredity (gene);
Species;
Ecosystem】

10、多选题：
‍Which of the following are the main functions of plants in nature and human life? ‌
选项：
A: Synthesize organic matter and fix solar energy;
B: Participate in the material cycle of the earth's biosphere;
C: Provide material resources for humans (natural gene pool);
D: Maintain water and soil and maintain ecological balance;
E: Release oxygen.
答案: 【 Synthesize organic matter and fix solar energy;;
Participate in the material cycle of the earth's biosphere;;
Provide material resources for humans (natural gene pool);;
Maintain water and soil and maintain ecological balance;;
Release oxygen.】

11、多选题：
‌What are the stages of the brief history of botany development?‎
选项：
A: Period of descriptive botany
B: Period of experimental botany
C:  Period of modern botany
D: Period of molecular botany
答案: 【 Period of descriptive botany;
Period of experimental botany;
 Period of modern botany】

12、判断题：
‌Individuals of higher plants have the ability to move.​
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

13、判断题：
‎Most animal cells have cell walls.‍
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

14、判断题：
‏Plants that survive today cannot be a source of energy for mankind.‏
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

Plant Cell

1、单选题：
​Which of the following plant organelles is closely related to the synthesis and assimilation of photosynthetic products?‌
选项：
A: mitochondria
B: microbody
C: cytoskeleton
D: plastid
答案: 【 plastid】

2、单选题：
‎Which of the following organelles is not unique to plant cells?‍
选项：
A: Golgi body
B: cell wall
C: vacuole
D: plastid
答案: 【 Golgi body】

3、单选题：
‎Which of the following changes doesn't occur in the process of plant cell growth?‏
选项：
A:  increase in volume
B: decrease in number and increase in volume of vacuoles
C: formation of secondary wall
D: increase in weight
答案: 【 formation of secondary wall】

4、单选题：
​Where is the main place for protein synthesis in plant cells?‎
选项：
A: Golgi body
B: ribosome
C: mitochondrion
D: nucleus
答案: 【 ribosome】

5、单选题：
‍Which of the following plant cell ergastic substances belongs to secondary metabolite?‌
选项：
A: protein
B: starch
C: anthocyanin
D: lipid
答案: 【 anthocyanin】

6、单选题：
‍Which of the following structures can undertake the function of intercellular communication in plant?‏
选项：
A: Golgi body
B:  pit
C: cytoskeleton
D: plastid
答案: 【  pit】

7、单选题：
‍Which of the following organelles has double membranes?‍
选项：
A: endoplasmic reticulum
B: microbody
C: cytoskeleton
D: plastid
答案: 【 plastid】

8、单选题：
‏Which of the following ingredients does not exist in primary wall?‍
选项：
A: cellulose
B: hemicellulose
C: pectin
D: lignin
答案: 【 lignin】

9、判断题：
‎ Plant cells are very small and are all invisible to the naked eye.‎
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

10、判断题：
‌Amitosis occurs only in lower organisms and does not exist in higher plants.‎
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

11、判断题：
‌In addition to its protective function, cell wall can also transmit developmental information signals.​
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

12、判断题：
‍The color of red pepper comes from carotenoids in chromoplasts.​
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

13、判断题：
​Protoplasm can be seen as a colorless, transparent and living colloid.‏
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

14、判断题：
‎The same plant cell contains only one type of ergastic substance.‎
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

15、判断题：
‏Cell growth and cell differentiation are two mutually independent processes.‌
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

Basic knowledge of plant classification

1、单选题：
‍Which of the following classification methods can reflect the genetic relationship and evolutionary laws between plants?‌
选项：
A: artificial classification
B: classification according to medicinal parts
C: natural classification
D: classification according to economic value
答案: 【 natural classification】

2、单选题：
​According to the floral formula of a certain plant: *P3+3+3 A3+3 G (3), which of the following descriptions matches the characteristics of the flower of that plant?‌
选项：
A: regular flower; 3 whorls of tepals, 3 per whorl; stamens mostly separated; inferior ovary.
B: regular flower; 3 whorls of tepals, 3 per whorl; 6 stamens in two whorls, 3 in each; superior ovary, 3 carpels symbiosis.
C:  irregular flower;3 whorls of tepals, 3 per whorl；6 stamens in two whorls, 3 in each；superior ovary, 3 carpels symbiosis.
D: irregular flower; 3 whorls of tepals, 3 per whorl；6 stamens in two whorls, 3 in each；inferior ovary, 3 carpels symbiosis.
答案: 【 regular flower; 3 whorls of tepals, 3 per whorl; 6 stamens in two whorls, 3 in each; superior ovary, 3 carpels symbiosis.】

3、单选题：
‌Dry fruits can be classified into (   ) two categories depending on whether the pericarp splits open when ripe.‎
选项：
A: achenocarp fruits; dehiscent fruits
B: samaras; schizocarps
C: drupes; siliques
D: achenes; nuts
答案: 【 achenocarp fruits; dehiscent fruits】

4、单选题：
‍When rape is in flower, the inflorescence axis is elongated, and many florets are borne on it. These florets, which have equally long stalks, open in acropetal succession. Therefore, the inflorescence of rape is called (  )?‎
选项：
A: spike
B: corymb
C: raceme
D: capitulum
答案: 【 capitulum】

5、单选题：
‍Which of the following options fits the characteristics of a pinnately compound leaf?​
选项：
A: pinnate petiole
B: two or more leaflets are attached to one petiole
C: leaflets are arranged on either side of the petiole like feather
D: pinnate leaf shape
答案: 【 leaflets are arranged on either side of the petiole like feather】

6、多选题：
‏What are the commonly used layout forms of the plant key (  )?‌
选项：
A: Dichotomous key
B: Parallel key
C: Fixed format key
D: Isometric key
答案: 【 Dichotomous key;
Parallel key;
Isometric key】

7、多选题：
​Which of the following types of perianth (sepals and petals) are arranged in a convoluted fashion in flower buds?‍
选项：
A: imbricate
B: convolute
C: fushion
D: valvate
答案: 【 imbricate;
convolute;
valvate】

8、判断题：
‎Superior ovary means the ovary is over the rest of the flower.‏
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

9、判断题：
​Didynamous means that there are only two stamens in the flower, while tetradynamous means that there are four.‏
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

10、判断题：
‎Aggregate fruit is a collection of many fruits, and a bunch of grapes is an aggregate fruit.‍
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

Angiosperm Family

1、单选题：
​The fruits of plants in Magnoliaceae are always ().‍
选项：
A: siliques
B:  drupes
C: aggregate follicles
D: achenes
答案: 【 aggregate follicles】

2、单选题：
‏Magnoliaceae plants is considered as () in angiosperms.‍
选项：
A: the most widespread family
B: one of the most primitive families
C:  the largest family
D: the most highly evolved family
答案: 【 one of the most primitive families】

3、单选题：
‏ Magnoliaceae plants contain ().​