大学MOOC 细胞生物学(湖北工程学院)1450330315 最新慕课完整章节测试答案

BiomembraneStructure-test

1、单选题：
All the following statements describe biomembranes except:‌‏‌
选项：
A: Different biomembranes may contain different proportions of the same phospholipids.
B:  The two leaflets of a biomembrane may contain different phospholipids.
C:  Some biomembranes have free edges.
D: Some phospholipids and cholesterol may cluster to form lipid rafts.  
答案: 【  Some biomembranes have free edges.】

2、单选题：
​ The major site of lipid synthesis in eukaryotic cells is the‎
选项：
A: Nucleus
B: Endoplasmic reticulum
C: Mitochondria
D: Cell membrane
答案: 【 Endoplasmic reticulum】

3、单选题：
Phospholipids with short or unsaturated fatty acyl chains‏‏
选项：
A: decrease membrane fluidity.
B: increase membrane fluidity.
C:  cause biomembranes to become thicker
D: allow hydrophilic molecules to diffuse across the lipid bilayer.
答案: 【 increase membrane fluidity.】

4、单选题：
 The _______ are transmembrane proteins.‎‎
选项：
A: lipid-anchored membrane proteins
B: integral membrane proteins
C: peripheral membrane proteins
D: extracellular matrix proteins
答案: 【 integral membrane proteins】

5、单选题：
Glycolipids and glycoproteins are especially abundant in the‍
选项：
A:  nucleus.
B: mitochondrial inner membrane
C: cytosol
D: plasma membrane
答案: 【 plasma membrane】

6、单选题：
Phosphate containing lipids include all of the following except ‎
选项：
A:  phospholipids.
B: sphingolipid
C: triglyceride
D: phosphatidylinositol
答案: 【 triglyceride】

7、判断题：
​A lipid bilayer is the fundamental structural component of all cell membranes.‍​‍
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

8、判断题：
​Maintenance of the lipid bilayer in the plasma membrane requires special enzymes and the hydrolysis of ATP.‏​‏
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

9、填空题：
‎The most abundant lipids in cell membranes are ________________.‎‎‎
答案: 【 phospholipids】

10、填空题：
‏Sugar-containing lipids called ____________ are found only in the outer half of the bilayer and their sugar groups are exposed ac the cell surface.‌‏‌
答案: 【 glycolipids】

CellorganizationandmovementIIMicrotubulesandintermediatefilament单元测验

1、单选题：
‏A microtubule protofilament is formed by the‎
选项：
A: lateral association of only g-tubulin subunits.
B: head-to-tail association of only g-tubulin subunits
C: lateral association of tubulin dimers.
D: head-to-tail association of tubulin dimers.
答案: 【 head-to-tail association of tubulin dimers.】

2、单选题：
 Growing microtubule ends are normally stabilized by  ‏
选项：
A: g-tubulin.
B: a GDP cap.
C: phosphorylation of tubulin subunits.
D: a GTP cap.
答案: 【 a GTP cap.】

3、单选题：
All of the following statements describe Kinesin I except​
选项：
A: Kinesin I is a (−) end-directed motor.
B: Kinesin I transports vesicles along microtubules.
C: Kinesin I binds and hydrolyzes ATP to produce movement.
D: Kinesin I is composed of two heavy chains and two light chains.
答案: 【 Kinesin I is a (−) end-directed motor.】

4、单选题：
The force for axoneme bending is derived from the‌
选项：
A: sliding movement of central pair microtubules.
B: contraction of central pair microtubules.
C: sliding movement of outer doublet microtubules.
D: contraction of outer doublet microtubules.
答案: 【 sliding movement of outer doublet microtubules.】

5、单选题：
‎‌Which of the following are characteristics common to all three cytoskeletal systems (microfilaments, microtubules and intermediate filaments)?‎‎
选项：
A: are reorganized during mitosis.
B: have attachment sites for motor proteins.
C: are highly dynamic.
D: possess inherent polarity.
答案: 【 are reorganized during mitosis.】

6、单选题：
 Poleward movement of chromosomes during anaphase A require‍
选项：
A: microtubule polymerization.
B: ATP.
C: kinetochore motor proteins.
D: BimC.
答案: 【 kinetochore motor proteins.】

7、判断题：
MAP2 and Tau are examples of microtubule stabilizing proteins.‏
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

8、判断题：
‎Both colchicine and taxol act to block microtubule assembly, therefore they can arrest cells at metaphase at low dosage.‍
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

9、判断题：
‌Other microtubule plus-end tracking proteins may use EB1 to “hitchhike” onto the growing microtubule.​
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

10、判断题：
‎In the mitotic spindle, astral microtubules function to allow the spindle to interact with the plasma membrane.‌
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

11、判断题：
​During anaphase A, kinetochores remain attached to shortening kinetochore microtubules.‎
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

CellorganizationandmovementIMicrofilament

1、单选题：
Within an actin filament, each actin subunit is surrounded by _______ neighboring actin subunits‏
选项：
A: a. one
B: b. two
C: c. four
D: d. eight
答案: 【 c. four】

2、单选题：
During treadmilling, actin subunits ad‏
选项：
A: a. predominantly to filament (+) ends.
B: b. predominantly to filament (−) ends.
C: c. equally to both filament ends.
D: d. along the length of filaments.
答案: 【 a. predominantly to filament (+) ends.】

3、单选题：
 Listeria is a bacteria parasite that has evolved unique ways to enter animal cells and then use actin polymerization for its intracellular movement.  Which of the following statements is true in regards to Listeria and actin polymerization?‍
选项：
A: a. Listeria ActA protein binds and inactivates the Arp2/3 complex.
B: b. Listeria ActA binds VASP, which enhances ATP-actin assembly.
C: c. Cofilin is necessary to accelerate the assembly of the (−) end of the filament.
D: d. CapZ promotes the elongation of the filament.
答案: 【 b. Listeria ActA binds VASP, which enhances ATP-actin assembly.】

4、单选题：
 ‍Which of the following properties is not shared by all myosins?‍
选项：
A: a. the ability to bind ATP
B: d. the presence of a head domain
C: b. the ability to form dimers
D: c. the ability to bind actin
答案: 【 b. the ability to form dimers】

5、单选题：
What is the function of CapZ and tropomodulin in the sacromere?‌
选项：
A: a. to center myosin thick filaments
B: b. to attach actin thin filaments to the Z disk
C: c. to maintain a constant actin thin filament length
D: d. to make contraction sensitive to Ca2+ 
答案: 【 c. to maintain a constant actin thin filament length】

6、单选题：
Gelsolin is activatikred by‌
选项：
A: a. ATP-binding.
B: d. dephosphorylation.
C: c. Ca2+-binding.
D: b. phosphorylation.
答案: 【 c. Ca2+-binding.】

7、单选题：
13. Which region of myosin interacts with actin filaments?​
选项：
A: a. the head domain
B: b. the rod domain
C: c. the light chains
D: d. the tail domain
答案: 【 a. the head domain】

8、单选题：
Which of the following proteins is involved in formation of actin bundles in microvilli by providing crosslinks between actin filaments‌
选项：
A: a. a actinin
B: b. cofilin
C: c. fimbrin
D: d. profilin
答案: 【 c. fimbrin】

Cellsenescenceanddeath

1、单选题：
‍Which caspase is involved in NON-canonical inflammasome signaling?‎
选项：
A: caspase-9
B: caspase-3
C: caspase-1
D: caspase-11
答案: 【 caspase-11】

2、单选题：
​Which protein is the executor of necroptosis?​
选项：
A: RIP3
B: MLKL
C: GSDMD
D: caspase-7
答案: 【 MLKL】

3、单选题：
‍Which one is NOT the morphological characteristics of apoptotic cells?‎
选项：
A: cell shrinkage
B: DNA fragmentation
C: plasma membrane rupture
D: blebbing
答案: 【 plasma membrane rupture】

4、单选题：
‌Which one is involved in senescent phenotype exacerbation, consisting of inflammatory cytokines, MMP, growth factors etc.?‍
选项：
A: SASP
B: SAHF
C: DAMPs
D: PAMPs
答案: 【 SASP】

5、单选题：
‎Which one is the molecular switch from apoptosis to necroptosis?‎
选项：
A: RIP1
B: RIP3
C: caspase-8
D: TNFα
答案: 【 RIP3】

6、多选题：
‍Which one is the physiological roles of apoptosis during normal development?‍
选项：
A: to prevent webbed hands and embryonic tails
B: to prevent the existence of useless nerve connections
C: to induce inflammatory responses against foreign pathogens
D: to function in immune cell selection
答案: 【 to prevent webbed hands and embryonic tails;
to prevent the existence of useless nerve connections;
to function in immune cell selection】

7、多选题：
‌Which of the following is NOT true?‏
选项：
A: At the late stage of apoptosis, plasma membrane is intact, and the cell corpses are ingested by neighboring cells
B: Quiescent cells can re-enter the cell cycle while senescent cells can not because senescent cells are metabolically inactive
C: Apoptotic cells can be stained positively when subjected to acidic lysosomal SA-β-GAL staining
D: Caspase cascade is dominant in apoptotic signaling while phosphorylation cascade plays important roles in necroptotic signal transduction
答案: 【 Quiescent cells can re-enter the cell cycle while senescent cells can not because senescent cells are metabolically inactive;
Apoptotic cells can be stained positively when subjected to acidic lysosomal SA-β-GAL staining】

8、多选题：
‎Which of the following is NOT morphology of senescent cells?‍
选项：
A: increased cell size
B: ruptured plasma membrane
C: blebbing and formation of bubbles
D: flat and enlarged cytoplasm
答案: 【 ruptured plasma membrane;
blebbing and formation of bubbles】

9、多选题：
‌The activation of which caspase could NOT be considered as marker of  apoptosis?‌
选项：
A: caspase-1
B: caspase-3
C: caspase-7
D: caspase-11
答案: 【 caspase-1;
caspase-11】

10、判断题：
‏Senescent cells only exist in the old.‌
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】

11、判断题：
‏Cell death will no doubt lead to the death of the organism.‌
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 错误】