大学MOOC DaoismandEugeneONeillsPlays（全英文）(华东理工大学)1450293188 最新慕课完整章节测试答案

DirectionsChoosesynonymsorsynonymousphrasestotheunderlinedwords

1、多选题：
‌The cognitive content should first be based on whether one's words and deeds conform to the traditional Chinese code of conduct and (the) inherent cultural characteristics of this society.‌‌‌
选项：
A: follow by 
B: adhere to
C: comply with
D: adopt to
答案: 【 adhere to;
comply with 】

2、多选题：
One standard for distinguishing good from bad is to refer to the non-contentious, harmonious nature of water.​​​​​
选项：
A: of persons; not given to controversy
B:  incontrovertible
C: uncontroversial 
D:  disputatious
答案: 【 of persons; not given to controversy;
uncontroversial  】

3、填空题：
My initial wish was to i_____(整合)the classical culture of China into the curriculum.‍‌‍
答案: 【 integrate】

4、填空题：
‏I thought academic English focused more on cultivating people's "skills" rather than "m_____（道德）", which is encouraged by general education.‏
答案: 【 morality】

5、填空题：
‌To build a platform for e________ communication between Chinese and Western cultures. ( fair )‌
答案: 【 equitable】

6、填空题：
My educational background and knowledge of Daoism were not so c________.(able to make you believe that something is true or right).‏‍‏
答案: 【 convincing】

Quizfor2.1.

1、单选题：
 It is assumed that Laozi must have lived _________two historical periods in Chinese history known as Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. (time: 2:44)‏‏‏
选项：
A: at the junction of
B: in the connection
C: on the adjunction of
D: conjunction
答案: 【 at the junction of】

2、单选题：
‍These were ______ times, when feudal states were at war with one another and the Zhou Dynasty was in decline. (time: 2:44)‍
选项：
A: furious
B: turbulent
C: turbulently
D: fury
答案: 【 turbulent 】

3、多选题：
‏It is not really an issue of which system is better, but to the uninitiated, the examples above from the new system are certainly less misleading than those of the old system.(time :1:20）‎
选项：
A: those who have less special knowledge of sth
B: those who are deficient in relevant experience
C: the learned person
D: the wise men
答案: 【 those who have less special knowledge of sth;
those who are deficient in relevant experience】

4、多选题：
‌Diverse concerned thinkers came forth with remedies of all kinds for the troubles of the time. (time:3:09）（忽略单复数，以意思相近为原则）​
选项：
A: solutions
B: a way of dealing with a problem or difficulty
C: remediation
D: treatment
答案: 【 solutions;
a way of dealing with a problem or difficulty】

5、填空题：
This is the m__________ Records of the Grand Historian written by Si Maqian, China’s greatest historian of the Han Dynasty. ( very important and having a great influence) (time:1:35)​‍​
答案: 【 monumental】

6、填空题：
‍Laozi spoke of the Way and the Virtue, focusing on _________ and not seeking _________ for oneself. He _______ for a long time while in the Zhou Empire, after witnessing the decline of the empire, he decided to retreat into ________, leaving the empire through the Hangu Pass. (modesty, the quality of not making yourself noticeable; of being famous; live in, dwell; alone, solitude. ) (time:3:42)​‍（答案之间用分号间隔，如abc; bcd)​
答案: 【 self-effacement ; renown ; resided ; seclusion】

7、填空题：
‏Confucius, Zhuangzi and some philosophers in the west have offered an insightful and ______ information for my course. ( relevant ) (time: 7:28)‌
答案: 【 pertinent】

Quizfor2.2.

1、单选题：
‌While following his heart’s dictates, Confucius did not transgress his own _____(commandments). (time:7:34）‎
选项：
A: realm
B: rights
C: precepts
D: discipline
答案: 【 precepts】

2、多选题：
‎Directions: Choose synonyms or synonymous phrases to the underlined words：‍‎Zhuangzi’s writings were long, discursive philosophical essays. (time:3:10)‍‎‍
选项：
A: tending to depart from the main point or cover a wide range of subjects
B: rambling
C: excursive
D: digressive
答案: 【 tending to depart from the main point or cover a wide range of subjects;
rambling;
excursive;
digressive】

3、多选题：
‎Confucius get caught in the music of Shao after three months in the State of Qi. What did he say to show his emotions? (time:6:42)‏
选项：
A: I didn't expect that music could have moved me into such a state.
B: 不图为乐之至于斯也。
C: The best praise is no praise because as soon as there is a praise, slander also arises.
D: I had not anticipated that music could transport me into such a state.
答案: 【 I didn't expect that music could have moved me into such a state.;
不图为乐之至于斯也。;
I had not anticipated that music could transport me into such a state.】

4、判断题：
‎Confucius viewed goodness is as the highest state of his philosophy while beauty is Zhuangzi’s first priority. （time: 2:41）‍
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

5、判断题：
‏Zhuxi thought Confucius has attained the boundary of an intuited aesthetic realm. (time:5:58)‌
选项：
A: 正确
B: 错误
答案: 【 正确】

6、填空题：
‎‍‎Directions: Fill in the blanks with the words and expressions you hear in the video.‍‎ I will draw on the analysis of Tang Yijie, a very _______ _______ ______ _______ who presents the Chinese principle of ____ _____ ____(he er bu tong) in the times when the _____ ______ _____ _____.(time:00:37)‍‎‍‎‍‎‍
答案: 【 influential contemporary Chinese philosopher ；harmony in diversity ；Western-centric perspective is prevailing】

7、填空题：
​After a close examination of the ___ ____ ____ ____ ___, Mr. Tang designs a ______which compares the three different systems _____the true, the good and the beautiful. （time: 00:57）‍
答案: 【 different schools of thought and philosophies; diagram ; integrating】

8、填空题：
‏This analysis is very ___ ____ _____because it allows us to compare these concepts with those of western philosophers : (time:3:23)‍
答案: 【 insightful and innovative】

9、填空题：
‍The good(zhi shan): at seventy-- following my heart’s ____ _____ ______ the rules (cong xin suo yu er buy u jv).(time:4:21)‎
答案: 【 dictates without transgressing】

10、填空题：
‎At the age of 50 he had come “to know the commands of Heaven” indicates he had acquired the knowledge of “heaven”, which may perhaps be seen to ___ ___ ___ ___ ___the quest for the true.（time:5:43）‌
答案: 【 fall within the scope of】

11、填空题：
​There are a variety of explanations for “___ ____ ___ ____ ___of what others said”. (time:5:58)‎
答案: 【 discriminate the truth or falsity】

12、填空题：
‌In other words, from “truth” he ______to “beauty” and then he finally attains “goodness”.(time:8:21)​
答案: 【 proceeds】

Quizfor2.3.

1、单选题：
​​​Directions: Choose the synonyms or synonymous phrases to the underlined words：​​1.Dao basically refers to the origin of the universe that defies the mind and language of man.(time 4:11)​​​​​
选项：
A: refuses
B:  denies
C: defaults
D: disobeys
答案: 【 disobeys】

2、单选题：
​Abstaining from speech marks him who is obeying the spontaneity of his nature. (time: 8:04)​
选项：
A: allogeneic
B: genesis
C: synaptogenesis
D: abiogenesis
答案: 【 abiogenesis】

3、单选题：
‍This honoring of the Tao and exalting of its operation is not the result of any ordination, but always a spontaneous tribute. (time:8:33)​
选项：
A:  cheer， declaration， feature
B: acclaiming， appointment， present
C: recognizing， point， payment
D: acclaimed， indication， attribute
答案: 【 acclaiming， appointment， present 】

4、单选题：
‍He learns what other men do not learn, and turns back to what the multitude of men have passed by.(time:9:00)​
选项：
A: multiplication
B: multiply
C: multiple
D: mass
答案: 【 mass】

5、单选题：
​The heavens and the earth are not biased and let all things grow naturally. (time:9:37）​
选项：
A: preconception
B: favorite
C: preference
D: tendentious
答案: 【 tendentious】

6、单选题：
‎Sages" are not partial to personal interests and let the people develop themselves. （time:9:37）‌
选项：
A: impartial
B: extracted
C: favorable
D: derivative
答案: 【 impartial】

7、多选题：
​Choose the English equivalence for “为学日益，为道日损。” (Time :00:45)‍
选项：
A: To work on learning is to increase day by day; to work on Tao (the Way, the Truth) is to decrease day by day.
B: If you can hold on to Dao, the world will come to you!
C: Learning consists in adding to one's stock day by day; The practice of Tao consists in “subtracting day by day.
D: He who devotes himself to learning (seeks) from day to day to increase (his knowledge); He who devotes himself to the Tao (seeks) from day to day to diminish (his doing).
答案: 【 To work on learning is to increase day by day; to work on Tao (the Way, the Truth) is to decrease day by day. ;
Learning consists in adding to one's stock day by day; The practice of Tao consists in “subtracting day by day.;
He who devotes himself to learning (seeks) from day to day to increase (his knowledge); He who devotes himself to the Tao (seeks) from day to day to diminish (his doing).】

8、多选题：
‍Choose the English equivalents for “人法地，地法天，天法道，道法自然。” (time:5:33)‏
选项：
A: Man models himself on earth, Earth on heaven, Heaven on the way, And the way on that which is naturally so.
B: Man takes his law from the earth; The Earth takes its law from the Heaven; Heaven takes its law from the Tao. The law of the Tao is its being what it is.
C: People follow the earth, the earth follows heaven, heaven follows the Dao, the Dao follows nature.
D: The ways of men are conditioned by those of earth. The ways of earth, by those of heaven. The ways of heaven by those of Tao, and the ways of Tao by the Self-so.
答案: 【 Man models himself on earth, Earth on heaven, Heaven on the way, And the way on that which is naturally so.;
Man takes his law from the earth; The Earth takes its law from the Heaven; Heaven takes its law from the Tao. The law of the Tao is its being what it is.;
People follow the earth, the earth follows heaven, heaven follows the Dao, the Dao follows nature.;
The ways of men are conditioned by those of earth. The ways of earth, by those of heaven. The ways of heaven by those of Tao, and the ways of Tao by the Self-so.】

9、多选题：
‌Choose the English equivalents for “功成事遂，百姓皆谓：‘我自然’”。(time:7:28)‎
选项：
A: Their work was done and their undertakings were successful, while the people all said, 'We are as we are, of ourselves!'
B: A ruler should emulate nature, with no desires or selfishness, no contriving or striving, and all will fall in line.
C: That when his task is accomplished, his work done. Throughout the country everyone says: it happened of its own accord.
D: When things are done, he should let people say that all is natural.
答案: 【 Their work was done and their undertakings were successful, while the people all said, 'We are as we are, of ourselves!';
That when his task is accomplished, his work done. Throughout the country everyone says: it happened of its own accord. ;
When things are done, he should let people say that all is natural.】

10、多选题：
‌Directions: Choose the synonyms or synonymous phrases to the underlined words：‌‌The information in this chapter can be extracted as follows:(time: 1:55)(忽略时态，只看意思)‌
选项：
A: removed
B: taken off
C: get an abstract of
D:  to get a piece of information from a book, document, computer file
答案: 【 get an abstract of;
 to get a piece of information from a book, document, computer file】

11、多选题：
‍The following chart shows very clearly that Laozi calls for a quest after such ideals which would transcend the banal. (time:4：29)‏
选项：
A: pursue something that contains new, original, or unusual
B: surpass the banality
C: stick to the boring, ordinary, and not original
D: go beyond the bromidic
答案: 【 pursue something that contains new, original, or unusual;
surpass the banality;
go beyond the bromidic】

12、多选题：
‍In this system, the discussion of the noumenon of the cosmos falls within the scope of the quest for truth. (time:6:09)​
选项：
A: phenomenon
B: thing-in-itself
C: entity
D: a thing or event that is known about, even though it cannot be detected by any of the five human senses
答案: 【 thing-in-itself;
entity;
a thing or event that is known about, even though it cannot be detected by any of the five human senses】

13、多选题：
‎If a man conforms to the laws set by Dao, he will walk with the Dao(tong yu Dao). (time:6:38)‎
选项：
A: comply with
B: meet with
C: reach the necessary stated standard set by Dao
D: obey
答案: 【 comply with;
meet with;
reach the necessary stated standard set by Dao;
obey 】

14、多选题：
​Abstaining from speech marks him who is obeying the spontaneity of his nature. (time: 8:04)‌
选项：
A: restraining from
B: pulling back from
C: giving up
D: stepping back from
答案: 【 restraining from;
pulling back from;
giving up;
stepping back from】

15、填空题：
‎Directions: Fill in the blanks with the words and expressions you hear in the video.‍‎15.Laozi seems to ___ ___ ___ ___ _____ _____ _____ ____ _____of the Confucians for the true, the good and the beauty. (time :00:32)‍
答案: 【 have held an attitude of denial regarding the demands】

16、填空题：
​But by this very inactivity _____ ___ ___ ____. Those who of old ____ _____ _____of all who live under heaven. (time: 1:21)（答案之间用分号隔开）‏
答案: 【 everything can be activated; won the adherence】

17、填空题：
‏The purpose of being a student of knowledge is ___ ____ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ __ ___ ___ __ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___.（time:2:53）‏
答案: 【 to increase of positive knowledge while the student of Dao is the elevation of the mind.】

18、填空题：
‌The German philosopher Kant distinguished the “phenomenon” which appears to the observer from the “noumenon” – the real thing – ___ ___ ___ ____ ___ ___ ____.(time:6:22)‏
答案: 【 which cannot be apprehended by the senses.】

Quizfor2.4.

1、单选题：
‎Directions: Choose the synonyms or synonymous phrases to the underlined words：‎‎Were the mountains to be cleft by thunder, and the great deep to be thrown up by storm, he would not tremble with fear. (time: 3:22)‎
选项：
A: flocked
B: bent
C: folded
D: separated
答案: 【 separated】

2、单选题：
‎The common characteristic of these "beauties" is their absolute "spiritual limitlessness, absoluteness and eternity" in the spiritual realm of life.” (time: 2:52)‎
选项：
A: immortalized
B: immovable
C: extern
D: an extremely long time
答案: 【 an extremely long time】

3、单选题：
‌He would mount upon the clouds of heaven, and driving the sun and the moon before him, pass beyond the limits of this mundane existence. (time: 3:31)‏
选项：
A: fix in position; tedious
B: prepare for and begin; uninspiring
C: increase; universal
D: climb up; relating to the world and practical matters instead of religious or spiritual ones
答案: 【 climb up; relating to the world and practical matters instead of religious or spiritual ones】

4、多选题：
‏Directions: Choose the synonyms or synonymous phrases to the underlined words：‍‏Rival nations battled constantly for more land and power. As a result, it was also a time of widespread death and destruction. (time:00:21)‍
选项：
A: competitive devalue
B: equal; deconstruction
C: opponent; damage
D: competing with others for the same thing or in the same area; devastation
答案: 【 opponent; damage;
competing with others for the same thing or in the same area; devastation】

5、多选题：
‍This is the sequence of Zhuangzi’s highest ideal in spiritual life in which the great beauty encompasses goodness, beauty and truth in which “the beautiful” is paramount. (time: 01:07）​
选项：
A: a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon；to include different types of things；intense
B: serial arrangement in which things follow in logical order or a recurrent pattern；cover；of great importance
C: to combine things in a particular order；contain；more important than all other t
D: a set of related things that happen or are arranged in a particular order; involve; all-important
答案: 【 serial arrangement in which things follow in logical order or a recurrent pattern；cover；of great importance;
to combine things in a particular order；contain；more important than all other t;
a set of related things that happen or are arranged in a particular order; involve; all-important】

6、多选题：
‏The beauty of true virtue follows and resides in the self. (time:5:54）(作答时忽略时态，以意思为主)‎
选项：
A: resident
B: exist in
C: be endowed with
D: having and owning
答案: 【 exist in;
be endowed with;
having and owning】

7、填空题：
‌Directions: Fill in the blanks with the words and expressions you hear in the video.‌‌Zhuangzi saw ____ _____ and the _____(extreme pain or suffering) of despair of people. ___ ___ ___ ___, Zhuangzi “shifted his line of sight from ___ ___ ___ to the limitlessness of time and space.” (time :00:39) (答案之间用“;”隔开,单词要写全，注意大小写)‌‌‌
答案: 【 social unrest; anguish; As a way out; the earthy world】

Quizfor3.1.

1、填空题：
‎Directions: Spell the words or phrases according to the context clue. You can refer to different time axes in the video. Change the form where necessary. Please include the first letters. (答案之间用“;”隔开，分号在英文输入模式下输入。‎‎‎Following the path of materialism of Spinoza, Albert Einstein f___ a____ t____ (get the method of getting near to something) the theory of general relativity. What’s more, Socratic "nothingness" inspired Steve Jobs to i_______ (to include something as part of something larger) philosophy and art into his IT industry. (time: 1:21) ‎‎‎
答案: 【 found access to; incorporate】

2、填空题：
Yin and Yang are mutually c___________ (being suitable or right for each other) and make the contradictions u_______ (can be brought together). The Taiji Diagram inspired Bohr to establish his principle of c________ (the state of working usefully together) when he was searching for the secret of the inner structure of atomic particles. (time: 7:31）
答案: 【 compatible; unifiable; complementarity】

3、填空题：
‍It is completely i___ a___ w___ (in line with )what Laozi said in the first chapter of Dao De Jing, “The word Nothingness (Wu) may be used to d_______ (state that something has a particular character or purpose ) the beginning of Heaven and Earth. (time: 10:01)‌
答案: 【 in accord with; designate】

4、填空题：
‏We can say that Taiji diagram is also a realistic e_____ (something that represents an idea exactly) of Wheeler's Simplicity/Austerity principle. (time: 11:10)‌
答案: 【 embodiment】

5、填空题：
‍“Existence comes from the v____(a large hole or empty space) and "Opposites c_______(to combine well with something, often something that has different qualities) each other" contained in China's Taiji diagram have been the inspiration of many scientists. (time: 11:39)‏
答案: 【 void; complement】

Quizfor3.2.

1、填空题：
‏Directions: Spell the words or phrases according to the context clue. You can refer to different time axes in the video. Change the form where necessary. Please include the first letters. (答案之间用“;”隔开，分号在英文输入模式下输入。)‍Since the s______ (the subject of one’s study or a particular skill ) of East China University of Science and Technology is to train students of science and technology. (time: 00:55)‍‏‍
答案: 【 specialty】

2、填空题：
‎He was curious about the relationship between scientists' creative thinking and h_______ (the idea that people do not need a god or religion to satisfy their spiritual and emotional needs) qualities. Creative thinking ability includes non-logical thinking forms, such as inspiration, intuition and d________(using a variety of premises as based for inference and avoiding common limiting assumptions in making deductions) thinking. (time: 1:16)‌
答案: 【 humanistic; divergent】

3、填空题：
‌Therefore the sage e______ (to accept something enthusiastically) the Oneness (of the universe), making it his testing-instrument for everything under Heaven, which means that people who are i___ l____ w____ (in accordance with) Dao will stick to this principle as the p______ (a model of something, or a very clear and typical example of something) of world affairs. (time: 10:40)‏
答案: 【 embraces; in line with; paradigm】

Quizfor3.3.

1、多选题：
‍Choose the English equivalents for “视之不见，名曰夷；听之不闻，名曰希;搏之不得,名曰微。此三者不可致诘，故混而为一。”（time: 8:02）‌
选项：
A: Looked at, but cannot be seen That is called the Invisible (yi). Listened to, but cannot be heard - That is called the Inaudible (xi). Grasped at, but cannot be touched - That is called the Intangible (wei). These three elude our inquiries And hence blend and become One.
B: We look at it, and we do not see it, and we name it 'the Equable.'We listen to it, and we do not hear it, and we name it 'the Inaudible.'We try to grasp it, and do not get hold of it, and we name it 'the Subtle.'With these three qualities, it cannot be made the subject of description;and hence we blend them together and obtain The One.
C: The skilful masters (of the Tao) in old times, with a subtle and exquisitepenetration, comprehended its mysteries, and were deep (also) so asto elude men's knowledge.
D: Because the eye gazes but can catch no glimpse of it, It is called elusive.Because the ear listens but can not hear it,It is called the rarefied.Because the hand feels for it but cannot find it,It is called the infinitesimal.There three, because they cannot be further scrutinized,Blend into one.
答案: 【 Looked at, but cannot be seen That is called the Invisible (yi). Listened to, but cannot be heard - That is called the Inaudible (xi). Grasped at, but cannot be touched - That is called the Intangible (wei). These three elude our inquiries And hence blend and become One.;
We look at it, and we do not see it, and we name it 'the Equable.'We listen to it, and we do not hear it, and